Analyte Sensor Calibration Using Capillary-to-Venous Conversion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current blood glucose monitoring methods, such as finger-stick tests, are burdensome and provide limited information about intraday fluctuations, leading to inaccuracies in glycemic control for diabetes management.
Innovation Solution
A system and method for calibrating analyte sensors using capillary blood measurements as reference to improve the accuracy of venous blood analyte measurements by updating a conversion function based on a cost function that minimizes errors between calculated and estimated analyte levels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If finger-stick blood glucose tests are used for monitoring, then glycemic control information can be obtained, but the measurements are burdensome and provide limited information about intraday fluctuations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical finger-stick blood sampling with an optical sensing system that uses light absorption spectroscopy to measure glucose levels in interstitial fluid through the skin, eliminating the need for needle punctures and manual blood collection
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses interstitial fluid as an intermediary medium to indirectly measure blood glucose levels, since interstitial fluid glucose concentration correlates with blood glucose levels but can be accessed non-invasively through optical sensors in the tissue
2Measurement precision
If capillary blood analyte measurements are used for calibration, then calibration data can be obtained, but errors exist between capillary and venous blood analyte levels
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a mathematical conversion model as an intermediary that transforms capillary blood analyte measurements into estimated venous blood analyte levels, accounting for the physiological differences in analyte concentrations between capillary and venous blood
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter transformation by converting analyte concentration values from one physiological context (capillary blood) to another (venous blood) using empirically derived conversion factors and statistical models that adjust for systematic differences
3Loss of information
If continuous glucose monitoring is implemented, then intraday glucose fluctuations can be characterized, but calibration errors persist between calculated and measured analyte levels
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback-based calibration system where periodic reference measurements from finger-stick glucometers are used to adjust and refine the conversion model parameters, continuously improving accuracy by comparing calculated values against measured values and minimizing error through optimization algorithms
Data Source
AI summary
Systems, methods, and apparatuses for reducing error between calculated analyte levels and impractical analyte measurements using practical analyte measurements as reference measurements for calibration. Reducing the error may include converting a practical reference analyte measurement into an estimated impractical analyte level, updating a conversion function using the estimated impractical analyte level, and using the updated conversion function to calculate an analyte level. In some aspects, the practical reference analyte measurement may be a capillary blood analyte measurement, and the estimated impractical analyte level may be an estimated venous blood analyte level. In some aspects, the updated conversion function may minimize the error between analyte levels calculated using the updated conversion function and estimated venous blood analyte levels.