Anammox Reactor Microbial Separation and Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current wastewater treatment methods, such as nitrification/denitrification processes, face challenges including high power consumption, need for organic matter, and excessive sludge generation, limiting nitrogen removal efficiency and stability in sequencing batch reactors (SBR) used for anammox processes.
Innovation Solution
An anammox reactor with a microbial separation filter and a settling basin, equipped with controllers to manage ammonium ion concentrations and flow rates, utilizing specific anammox bacteria species like Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia, to maintain optimal microorganism activity and reduce hydraulic retention time (HRT).
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If nitrification/denitrification processes are used to remove nitrogen, then nitrogen removal is achieved, but power consumption increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the treatment process by using anammox bacteria that operate under anaerobic conditions with specific ammonium to nitrite ratios, replacing the traditional aerobic nitrification process that requires high energy input for aeration
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and removes the aeration step from the treatment process by implementing an anaerobic anammox system, eliminating the need for blowers and air diffusers that consume significant power in traditional nitrification/denitrification processes
2Quantity of substance
If traditional nitrification/denitrification is used, then nitrogen is removed, but sludge generation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the biological parameters by using anammox bacteria that produce minimal sludge compared to traditional heterotrophic denitrification, achieving nitrogen removal with significantly reduced sludge generation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the previously harmful effect of high sludge generation into a benefit by using anammox process that naturally produces minimal sludge, reducing sludge treatment costs and environmental burden
3Use of energy by moving object
If SBR anammox reactor is used, then power consumption is reduced, but nitrogen removal efficiency and operational stability decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback control by monitoring ammonium ion concentration and adjusting the feed flow rate accordingly, maintaining optimal conditions for anammox bacteria to ensure both high nitrogen removal efficiency and process stability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent makes the system dynamic by continuously adjusting operational parameters such as feed flow rate based on real-time ammonium concentration measurements, allowing the reactor to adapt to varying load conditions while maintaining high efficiency
4Use of energy by moving object
If SBR anammox reactor is used, then power consumption is reduced, but process stability decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses feedback control mechanisms to monitor ammonium ion concentration and adjust feed flow rate in real-time, maintaining stable operational conditions for anammox bacteria despite variations in influent composition
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes and maintains critical parameters such as ammonium ion concentration within specific ranges (e.g., 50-100 mg/L or 100-250 mg/L depending on conditions) to ensure stable anammox process operation
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Improves nitrogen removal efficiency, reduces power consumption, minimizes sludge generation, and stabilizes the anammox process by effectively controlling microorganism activity and metabolism, thereby enhancing the overall treatment efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is proposed for nitrogen removal. Anammox removes nitrogen by reacting ammonia with nitrite to produce a nitrogen gas
Implementation Method 2
an anammox reactor including a microbial separation filter capable of appropriately controlling and managing microorganisms
Implementation Method 3
an anammox reactor having a settling basin capable of stably maintaining an anammox process and greatly reducing a hydraulic retention time (HRT)
Data Source
AI summary
An anammox reactor capable of improving nitrogen removal efficiency by maintaining activity of microorganisms, and a water treatment method using the anammox reactor are provided. The anammox reactor includes a raw water feed pipe through which raw water is supplied, a raw water discharge pipe through which raw water is discharged to an outside, and a first chamber configured to accommodate ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anammox bacteria for performing an anammox process, wherein the raw water feed pipe and the raw water discharge pipe are configured to communicate with the first chamber.