Anchor Bolt Anti-Ejection Wedge Ring Mechanism
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing anchoring solutions for rock masses and concrete structures fail to effectively absorb violent impact loads caused by seismic events or rock bursts, as they lack energy dissipating mechanisms, leading to potential structural damage.
Innovation Solution
A rock anchor bolt with a split sleeve and bolt component that expands to adapt to borehole sizes, featuring an anti-ejection system with a frustoconical surface and wedge ring to dissipate energy through friction, ensuring optimal anchoring and pre-tensioning through torque requirements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If a rigid connection is used for anchoring, then structural strength is improved, but energy dissipation capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The anchor bolt incorporates a dynamic element (the tendon or grout layer) that can deform under exceptional loads such as seismic events. This dynamic component allows the system to transition from a rigid connection to a flexible energy-dissipating mechanism, enabling the anchor to absorb violent impact loads while maintaining structural integrity during normal operation.
2Strength
If the anchor bolt is designed for optimal anchoring capacity, then anchoring strength is improved, but adaptability to different borehole sizes deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The split sleeve design allows the anchor bolt to adapt to different borehole diameters by changing its geometric parameters. The sleeve can be compressed radially to fit smaller holes or expanded to engage larger borehole surfaces, enabling the same anchor component to achieve optimal anchoring capacity across varying borehole sizes through parameter adjustment rather than requiring multiple specialized components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The anchor bolt effectively absorbs violent impact loads by expanding to engage with the borehole wall, providing enhanced energy dissipation and preventing ejection of the bolt during sudden energy releases, thus ensuring structural integrity.
Implementation Method 1
contact between an anti-ejection system and a slot in the ring tells the operator through rotation pressure that the system is engaged to its optimum anchoring capacity. contact between and anti-ejection system and the slot in the ring dissipates energy, including through friction between the ejection system and the ring slot, to mitigate sudden energy release.
Implementation Method 2
contact between and anti-ejection system and the slot in the ring dissipates energy, including through friction between the ejection system and the ring slot, to mitigate sudden energy release.
Data Source
AI summary
An anchor bolt for fastening an object in a drilled borehole in a rock mass formation, which is to absorb violent impact loads such as those occurring during earthquakes in an energy dissipating manner. The anchor bolt comprises a split sleeve and a bolt component inserted in the split sleeve that, when pulled outwardly, expends the split sleeve until a key protruding from the surface of the bolt component abuts a ring, thereby informing the operator that appropriate anchoring and pre-tensioning of the anchor bolt in the borehole is reached. Another ring, interfacing with the split sleeve about the entry of the borehole, is designed to force expansion of the split sleeve, preventing a breaking anchor bolt to become a high-speed projectile.