Anchovy Peptide PAYCS Regulates Gut-Brain Axis for Memory
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current studies lack effective bioactive peptides that can improve scopolamine-induced memory defects by regulating the intestinal microorganism-metabolism-neurotransmitter axis, and existing nutritional supplements are either complex to prepare or costly to produce.
Innovation Solution
The use of the peptide Pro-Ala-Tyr-Cys-Ser (PAYCS) derived from anchovy hydrolysate, which is prepared through a green and simple enzymatic hydrolysis process, to regulate intestinal flora, metabolites, and brain neurotransmitters, thereby addressing scopolamine-induced memory impairment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If plant extracts are used to improve memory, then memory improvement effect is achieved, but preparation process becomes complicated and organic reagents become costly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and isolates the specific bioactive peptide PAYCS from anchovy hydrolysate through enzymatic hydrolysis and chromatographic separation. This extraction approach identifies and utilizes only the essential memory-improving component rather than using complex plant extracts, thereby simplifying the preparation process while maintaining therapeutic efficacy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs controlled enzymatic hydrolysis with specific parameters (protease type, pH, temperature, time) to generate the PAYCS peptide from anchovy protein. By optimizing these parameters, the process achieves high yield of the active peptide without requiring complicated extraction procedures or organic reagents, thus resolving the contradiction between effectiveness and process simplicity
2Reliability
If complex plant extracts are used for memory improvement, then therapeutic effect is achieved, but production cost increases due to organic reagents
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive organic reagents with inexpensive enzymatic catalysts (proteases) that can be used in aqueous systems. The enzymatic hydrolysis process uses biodegradable enzymes instead of costly organic solvents, significantly reducing production costs while maintaining the ability to produce the memory-improving PAYCS peptide
Solution Approach 2:
The enzymatic hydrolysis process is self-catalyzing under optimized conditions, where the proteases naturally break down anchovy protein into PAYCS without requiring additional chemical catalysts or organic reagents. This self-service mechanism eliminates the need for expensive external agents, reducing production costs while achieving therapeutic效果的
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
PAYCS demonstrates memory improvement effects by regulating the intestinal microbiota-brain axis, reducing oxidative and inflammatory stress, and modulating intestinal microorganisms and fecal metabolites, with different doses exhibiting memory-relieving effects through distinct pathways.
Implementation Method 1
PAYCS may be prepared by using a process including the following conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis by protease
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of health food, and in particular, relates to the use of PAYCS in the regulation of intestinal flora, metabolites, and brain neurotransmitters. PAYCS remedies scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice through target oxidation, inflammatory stress and regulation of the intestinal microorganism-metabolite-brain neurotransmitter axis through PAYCS. PAYCS improves the memory pathway through the intestinal microorganism-metabolite-neurotransmitter axis. PAYCS can significantly reduce serum MDA and LDH levels and significantly increase liver SOD content. PAYCS-H inhibits the increase of liver TNF-α and IL-1β, while PAYCS-L can only reduce the content of TNF-α in the liver. Thus, PAYCS-L changes the ratio of Bacteroides/Firmicutes and increases the relative abundance of plants such as Cactaceae and Prevotellaceae, improving the neurotransmitters associated with the metabolism of tryptophan in the brain.