Androgen Receptor Modulator Compounds Specificity Efficacy

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current compounds and methods for modulating androgen receptor activity are limited in their ability to effectively treat a wide range of conditions related to muscle strength, bone density, and hormonal imbalances, with existing selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) having limitations in specificity and efficacy.

Innovation Solution

Development of novel compounds with specific structures, such as those represented by Formulas I, II, III, IV, V, and VI, which selectively bind to androgen receptors, acting as agonists, antagonists, or partial agonists to modulate receptor activity, and their use in pharmaceutical compositions for various therapeutic applications.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If existing selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are used, then androgen receptor activity can be modulated, but specificity and efficacy are limited

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovespecificityVSAvoidefficacy
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by systematically modifying chemical structure parameters of SARM compounds. Multiple formula variants (I-VI) are presented with different substituent groups (R1-R26) including halogens, alkyl groups, heteroalkyl groups, and functional groups at various positions. This structural parameter optimization enables enhanced receptor specificity while maintaining or improving therapeutic efficacy across different conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs composite material principles by creating complex molecular structures that combine multiple functional groups and structural elements within single SARM compounds. The compounds integrate aromatic rings, heterocyclic groups, alkyl chains, and various functional moieties (carbonyl, hydroxyl, amino groups) to achieve both high specificity for androgen receptors and broad efficacy for treating muscle loss, bone density issues, and hormonal imbalances.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If compounds with higher specificity for androgen receptors are developed, then efficacy may improve, but compound complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovespecificityVSAvoidcompound complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies segmentation by dividing the complex SARM molecule into distinct functional segments or domains. Each formula (I-VI) shows a core structure with multiple substitutable positions (R1 through R26) that can be independently optimized. This modular approach allows chemists to systematically build complexity by selecting specific combinations of substituent groups rather than designing entire molecules from scratch, thereby managing complexity while achieving high specificity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements local quality by allowing different regions of the SARM molecule to have specialized functions through localized substituent groups. Specific R groups at different positions can be tailored to enhance binding affinity, selectivity, or metabolic stability without affecting the entire molecule. For example, halogen substituents at aromatic positions may enhance binding specificity while alkyl chains at other positions may improve membrane permeability, enabling localized optimization of different molecular properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

These compounds provide effective modulation of androgen receptor activity, leading to improved muscle strength, bone health, and hormonal balance, addressing conditions like osteoporosis, muscle loss, and hormonal disorders with enhanced specificity and efficacy compared to existing SARMs.

Implementation Method 1

a ligand binds to an IR, forming a receptor/ligand complex

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLigand binding: Absorption (physical)

Data Source

PatentUS8519158B2Androgen receptor modulator compounds and methods
Publication Date: 2013.08.27 LIGAND PHARMACEUTICALS INC
  • US8519158B2 patent drawing
  • US8519158B2 patent drawing
  • US8519158B2 patent drawing

AI summary

Provided herein are compounds having a structure selected from among Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III), Formula (IV), Formula (V) and Formula (VI) that are androgen receptor modulators and/or androgen receptor binding agents. Also disclosed are methods of making and using such compounds, including, but not limited to, using such compounds for treating various conditions.