Anesthesia Vaporizer Integrated Into Cardiopulmonary Bypass Gas Flow
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Solution Overview
Problem
During cardiopulmonary bypass surgeries, accurate monitoring and control of anesthesia levels are challenging due to the bypass of lungs, rendering traditional monitoring methods ineffective, leading to potential undersedation and difficulties in detecting anesthesia delivery to patients.
Innovation Solution
An anesthesia machine is coupled with a cardiopulmonary bypass machine to measure and control anesthetic vapor concentrations, allowing for precise adjustment and monitoring of anesthesia levels through gas exchange measurements, including oxygen and carbon dioxide rates, and temperature correction algorithms to ensure accurate sedation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional anesthesia monitoring methods are used during cardiopulmonary bypass, then the monitoring system is simple and easy to operate, but accurate monitoring and control of anesthesia levels cannot be achieved due to lung bypass
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the anesthesia vaporizer with the cardiopulmonary bypass machine into an integrated system. The vaporizer is positioned within the bypass machine's gas flow path, allowing direct delivery of anesthetic vapor to the oxygenator. This merging eliminates the need for separate monitoring equipment while enabling precise control through the machine's existing sensors and control systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates feedback mechanisms where the cardiopulmonary bypass machine's control system continuously monitors gas flow, oxygenator performance, and system parameters to automatically adjust anesthetic vapor delivery. This closed-loop feedback enables accurate anesthesia level control without requiring complex external monitoring devices.
2Reliability
If anesthetic vaporizer is mounted on cardiopulmonary bypass machine, then anesthesia delivery is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The vaporizer is integrated into the cardiopulmonary bypass machine's existing gas delivery system. The vaporizer receives carrier gas from the machine's gas mixer and delivers anesthetic vapor directly to the oxygenator inlet. This integration leverages the machine's existing pumps, sensors, and control systems, adding anesthesia functionality without requiring entirely new subsystems.
Solution Approach 2:
The cardiopulmonary bypass machine is enhanced to perform multiple functions: it maintains cardiopulmonary support while simultaneously delivering controlled anesthesia through the integrated vaporizer. The machine's control system manages both oxygenation and anesthetic delivery, reducing the need for separate dedicated anesthesia equipment.
3Measurement precision
If carrier gas flow to vaporizer is manually adjusted, then vaporizer operation is simple, but precise control of anesthetic to carrier gas ratio is difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses the cardiopulmonary bypass machine's control system to automatically monitor and adjust carrier gas flow to the vaporizer. Sensors within the machine measure actual gas flow rates and provide feedback to the control system, which then makes real-time adjustments to maintain the precise anesthetic to carrier gas ratio without requiring manual operator intervention.
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated system performs self-adjustment of gas flow ratios through its embedded control system. The machine automatically balances anesthetic vapor delivery with carrier gas flow based on real-time sensor data, eliminating the need for manual calibration while maintaining precise ratio control throughout the procedure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables automated and precise control of anesthesia delivery, reducing the risk of undersedation and awareness, facilitating improved clinical workflow and patient safety during cardiopulmonary bypass procedures.
Implementation Method 1
The mixed gases then flow to an inlet of the membrane oxygenator of the CPB machine in order to provide gas exchange between the blood of the patient and the mixed gases from the vaporizer. The anesthetic agents are absorbed by the blood
Implementation Method 2
volatile anesthetic agents may be administered to the blood of the patient via an anesthetic vaporizer mounted on the heart-lung machine. Carrier gas (most typically a mixture of oxygen and fresh air) from the fresh gas mixer flows into the vaporizer and blends (e.g., mixes and converges) with the anesthetic agent vapors generated by the vaporizer
Data Source
AI summary
Methods and systems are provided for anesthesia systems for heart-lung machines. In one embodiment, a system comprises: a cardiopulmonary bypass machine; and an anesthesia machine operably coupled to the cardiopulmonary bypass machine, the anesthesia machine adapted to control a flow of vapor through the cardiopulmonary bypass machine.