ECG-Synchronized Angiogram Injections for Diastolic Fluid Delivery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing medical imaging procedures, such as angiography, inefficiently utilize contrast fluid due to unsynchronized injections with the cardiac cycle, leading to waste and suboptimal delivery during systolic and diastolic phases.
Innovation Solution
An injection system synchronized with electrocardiogram data to optimize fluid delivery during diastolic and systolic phases, ensuring complete phases are performed only when sufficient fluid is available, and adjusting flow rates based on cardiac cycle phases.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If fluid injection is performed continuously without synchronization, then the injection process is simple and fast, but the fluid delivery efficiency is low and waste increases
Solution Approach 1:
The injection system performs fluid delivery in periodic cycles synchronized with the cardiac cycle, injecting during diastole and pausing during systole. This periodic action pattern matches the natural rhythm of the heart, improving fluid delivery efficiency while preventing waste during high-pressure systolic phases.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses real-time feedback from electrocardiogram monitoring to detect cardiac phase and dynamically adjust injection timing. The ECG signal provides continuous feedback about heart rhythm, allowing the injection system to synchronize precisely with cardiac cycles and optimize fluid delivery.
2Duration of action of moving object
If fluid is injected during systolic phase, then the injection can be completed faster, but the fluid waste increases due to high pressure
Solution Approach 1:
The system strategically times injections to occur during diastolic phases when cardiac pressure is low, and deliberately pauses during systolic phases when pressure is high. This periodic injection pattern reduces fluid waste during high-pressure periods while completing the overall injection process efficiently across multiple cardiac cycles.
Solution Approach 2:
The injection system dynamically changes the injection flow rate parameter based on detected cardiac phase. During diastole, the flow rate is increased to maximize fluid delivery efficiency; during systole, the flow rate is reduced or paused to prevent waste, creating an adaptive injection profile that optimizes both speed and efficiency.
3Quantity of substance
If the injection system performs both systolic and diastolic phases, then the total fluid delivery is maximized, but the risk of exceeding volume limits increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary calculations before each injection sequence to determine the maximum number of complete systolic-diastolic phases that can be executed within the prescribed volume limit. By pre-calculating the safe number of cycles based on the selected injection profile and volume constraints, the system ensures volume limit compliance while maximizing total fluid delivery.
Solution Approach 2:
The injection system continuously monitors the cumulative volume delivered and uses this feedback to adjust the number of injection cycles performed. Real-time volume tracking ensures that the total fluid delivered remains within safe limits while still completing the maximum number of beneficial systolic-diastolic injection phases.
Data Source
AI summary
An injection system is described that receives, from one or more sensors, a first group of one or more signals indicating a current volume of injection fluid dispensed from a fluid reservoir at a first time. The injection system determines, based on the first group of one or more signals, that a difference between a dispensed volume limit and the current volume of the injection fluid dispensed from the fluid reservoir at the first time is less than a necessary volume of fluid required to complete both a systolic injection phase and a diastolic injection phase. The injection system further, responsive to determining that the difference is less than the necessary volume of fluid required to complete both the systolic injection phase and the diastolic injection phase, controls the injection system to refrain from performing each of the systolic injection phase and the diastolic injection phase.