Angiographic Registration with CT Data for FFR
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current medical imaging techniques face challenges in accurately registering two-dimensional angiographic projections with three-dimensional computed tomographic data, particularly in patients with stenosis or high heart rates, leading to inconsistencies in diagnosis and treatment outcomes due to invasive procedures and lower resolution images.
Innovation Solution
A method for automatically registering a single 2D angiographic projection to 3D CT imaging data, using segmentation and reduced order modeling to estimate fractional flow reserve (FFR), which reduces patient discomfort and imaging time by combining invasive and CT angiographic data, and minimizing the need for multiple projections.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple 2D angiographic projections are acquired to obtain accurate 3D representation, then measurement precision of coronary tree structure is improved, but patient discomfort and imaging time increase due to invasive procedures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines CT angiography data with a single 2D angiographic projection to achieve accurate 3D representation of the coronary tree. The CT data provides comprehensive 3D anatomical information while the single angiographic projection provides high-resolution functional data, merging the advantages of both modalities to reduce patient discomfort while maintaining measurement precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from multiple 2D projections to a 3D CT dataset combined with a single 2D projection. By utilizing the third dimension provided by CT imaging, the system achieves accurate coronary tree representation without requiring multiple 2D views, thereby reducing the number of invasive imaging steps.
2Measurement precision
If multiple 2D angiographic projections are acquired to obtain accurate 3D representation, then measurement precision of coronary tree structure is improved, but imaging time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges CT angiography imaging with a single 2D angiographic projection acquisition. The CT scan provides the 3D anatomical framework while the single projection provides functional validation, combining both datasets to achieve accurate measurement precision while significantly reducing the total imaging time compared to acquiring multiple angiographic projections.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs CT angiography imaging before the invasive angiographic procedure. The CT data is pre-processed and registered with the single 2D projection during the procedure, allowing the 3D anatomical information to be established beforehand and reducing the time required during the actual angiographic imaging.
3Ease of operation
If CT angiography is used to image entire coronary tree, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision of specific coronary regions deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines CT angiography data, which provides comprehensive coverage of the entire coronary tree with ease of operation, with a single high-resolution 2D angiographic projection. The CT data offers complete anatomical visualization while the angiographic projection provides enhanced measurement precision for specific coronary regions, particularly in areas with stenosis or high heart rates.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality enhancement by using the high-resolution angiographic projection data specifically for regions requiring precise measurement, such as stenotic areas. The CT data provides the overall anatomical context while the angiographic data enhances local measurement precision where it is most needed.
4Measurement precision
If invasive angiography is used to obtain high-resolution coronary images, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and procedure invasiveness increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges non-invasive CT angiography with a single invasive angiographic projection. The CT component provides comprehensive 3D anatomical information without catheter insertion, while the single angiographic projection provides high-resolution functional data. This combination achieves measurement precision comparable to traditional multi-projection invasive angiography while significantly reducing device complexity and procedural invasiveness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach improves the accuracy of FFR calculation and consistency in diagnosis and treatment outcomes, while reducing patient discomfort and imaging time by leveraging 3D CT data to enhance the resolution of coronary artery imaging.
Implementation Method 1
an x-ray source, an x-ray detector array configured to detect x-ray radiation emitted by the x-ray source and attenuated by the subject
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods are provided for imaging coronary trees via registration of angiographic projections with computed tomographic data. In one example, a method for imaging a coronary artery of interest in a patient may include acquiring computed tomography (CT) imaging data depicting a coronary tree, acquiring a single angiographic projection of the coronary artery of interest, registering the single angiographic projection to the CT imaging data, and determining a fractional flow reserve (FFR) of the coronary artery of interest based on the single angiographic projection registered to the CT imaging data.