3D Angle-Domain Seismic Residual Statics Using Local Binning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Seismic datasets are heavily influenced by near-surface heterogeneities and topography, leading to localized static perturbations that complicate the accurate determination of subsurface structures and hydrocarbon reservoirs, which existing methods struggle to correct effectively.
Innovation Solution
The method involves sorting seismic traces into bins based on midpoint locations, seismic source-seismic receiver offsets, and seismic source-seismic receiver azimuths, determining pilot traces, selecting windows, and applying correction values to correct for static perturbations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional statics correction methods are used, then processing simplicity is maintained, but correction accuracy deteriorates due to inability to effectively handle near-surface heterogeneities and topography-induced static perturbations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the seismic data processing by sorting traces into multiple bins based on midpoint locations, offsets, and azimuths. This segmentation allows localized static corrections to be applied to each bin, improving correction accuracy for near-surface heterogeneities and topography while maintaining manageable processing complexity through systematic organization.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements local quality by determining pilot traces and calculating static corrections specifically for each bin rather than applying uniform corrections globally. This localized approach enables accurate handling of spatially varying near-surface conditions, topography effects, and azimuthal variations in different regions of the survey area.
2Reliability
If detailed binning and pilot trace determination are implemented, then statics correction reliability improves, but computational complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by determining pilot traces for each bin before calculating static corrections. This preliminary step establishes reference traces that guide the correction process, improving reliability by ensuring corrections are based on representative data from each bin while organizing computations in a systematic sequence that manages complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses pilot traces as intermediaries between the raw seismic data and the final static corrections. These pilot traces serve as mediators that capture the characteristic behavior of each bin, enabling accurate correction calculations without requiring direct complex analysis of all traces in each bin, thus improving reliability while managing computational complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
Methods and systems for correcting a seismic dataset are disclosed. The methods may include receiving a seismic dataset comprising a plurality of traces and sorting the plurality of traces into a plurality of bins, wherein each bin comprises a range of seismic source-seismic receiver midpoint locations, range of offsets, and range of azimuths. The methods may also include, for each of the plurality of bins determining a pilot trace based on a plurality of sorted traces in the bin, selecting a pilot refraction window and a pilot reflection window from the pilot trace; selecting for each of the plurality of sorted traces, a refraction window and a reflection window from the sorted trace, determining a correction value based on the refraction window, the pilot refraction window, the reflection window and the pilot reflection window; and determining a corrected trace by applying the correction value to the trace.