Anionic Polymer Nucleic Acid Extraction from Low Concentration Samples
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for nucleic acid extraction from low-concentration samples, such as polyacrylamide, are ineffective in binding nucleic acids to supports, making it difficult to collect nucleic acids at extremely low concentrations.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the use of anionic polymers with carboxyl groups, chaotropic salts, and alcohols in the presence of a support, specifically magnetic particles, to enhance nucleic acid binding and collection, using a reagent comprising these components.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If polyacrylamide is used as a carrier for nucleic acid extraction, then the extraction can be performed with a non-biological material, but the collection efficiency of nucleic acid at extremely low concentrations cannot be achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an anionic polymer as an intermediary substance that mediates between the nucleic acid target and the polyacrylamide support. This anionic polymer enhances the binding interaction, enabling effective collection of nucleic acids at extremely low concentrations (1 copy/μl or lower) that cannot be achieved with polyacrylamide alone.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite extraction system combining polyacrylamide (non-biological support) with anionic polymer (enhancing agent). This composite approach maintains the advantages of non-biological materials while adding the nucleic acid-binding capability of anionic polymers, achieving high collection efficiency without contamination risks associated with biological carriers.
2Reliability
If a biomolecule is used as a carrier for nucleic acid extraction, then the extraction efficiency is improved, but the risk of contamination with natural nucleic acid that affects detection increases
Solution Approach 1:
The anionic polymer serves as an intermediary that provides the nucleic acid-binding function typically associated with biological carriers, but without the contamination risk. It mediates the binding between nucleic acid and the non-biological polyacrylamide support, achieving high extraction efficiency while maintaining purity for downstream detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent copies the essential function of biological carriers (nucleic acid binding capability) using synthetic anionic polymers. These synthetic polymers replicate the binding properties of natural carriers like tRNA or poly(A) without introducing biological contamination, allowing the same extraction efficiency to be achieved with non-biological materials.
3Measurement precision
If the concentration of nucleic acid in the sample is extremely low, then the detection sensitivity is improved for early diagnosis, but the collection of nucleic acid becomes impossible with conventional methods
Solution Approach 1:
The anionic polymer acts as a mediator that amplifies the collection efficiency, enabling the detection of extremely low amounts of nucleic acid (1 copy/μl or lower). This intermediary enhances the binding capacity of the polyacrylamide support, making it possible to collect sufficient nucleic acid from samples with extremely low concentrations for sensitive detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the extraction system by introducing anionic polymers with specific charge densities and molecular weights. This parameter change transforms the binding characteristics of the system, enabling effective collection of trace nucleic acids that would otherwise be undetectable with conventional extraction methods.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method significantly improves the collection efficiency of nucleic acids from low-concentration samples, allowing for effective genetic examinations like virus detection and pathogen identification.
Implementation Method 1
allowing the nucleic acid to be adsorbed onto a support in the presence of a chaotropic salt and an alcohol
Implementation Method 2
allowing the nucleic acid to be adsorbed onto a support in the presence of a chaotropic salt and an alcohol
Implementation Method 3
it is possible to improve the amount of nucleic acid collection by allowing an anionic polymer (which is a non-biological material) to coexist with a target nucleic acid
Implementation Method 4
allowing an anionic polymer (which is a non-biological material) to coexist with a target nucleic acid
Implementation Method 5
the support is magnetic particles
Data Source
AI summary
In a method of nucleic acid extraction using a support, the present invention realizes collection of a nucleic acid from a liquid containing the nucleic acid at an extremely low concentration at which collection cannot be achieved with polyacrylamide.A method of extracting a nucleic acid, comprising allowing the nucleic acid to be adsorbed onto a support in the presence of a chaotropic salt and an alcohol in coexistence with an anionic polymer. A reagent for nucleic acid extraction, comprising an anionic polymer, a chaotropic salt, an alcohol and a support.