3D-Printed Anisotropic Midsole for Cushioning and Forward Propulsion

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing footwear fails to effectively cushion and support the foot, leading to discomfort, fatigue, and increased risk of injury due to inadequate impact absorption and energy transfer, particularly during everyday and performance activities.

Innovation Solution

A three-dimensional mesh midsole with anisotropic lattice structures is designed to provide customized mechanical properties, including varying lattice shear moduli in different directions, enhancing cushioning, propulsion, and stability through additive manufacturing techniques.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional footwear soles are used, then manufacturing is simple and cost-effective, but cushioning and impact absorption are inadequate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecushioning performanceVSAvoidsole structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a three-dimensionally printed mesh structure with porous characteristics that provides superior cushioning and impact absorption compared to traditional solid or foam soles. The porous mesh architecture allows for energy dissipation through deformation while maintaining structural integrity, directly addressing the inadequate cushioning performance of conventional footwear soles.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

Solution Approach 2:

The invention combines the three-dimensionally printed mesh structure with adhesive layers and outsole materials to create a composite sole assembly. This composite approach integrates multiple functional layers (cushioning mesh, adhesive bonding layer, traction outsole) to achieve both improved cushioning performance and structural complexity in a unified design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Adaptability or versatility

If the midsole uses uniform structure, then manufacturing is easier, but mechanical properties cannot be customized for different directions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedirectional mechanical propertiesVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements local quality by varying the mesh structure characteristics (such as cell size, wall thickness, or pattern density) in different regions of the midsole to provide directionally specific mechanical properties. This allows the sole to exhibit different stiffness, cushioning, or energy return characteristics in different directions or zones, enabling customization for specific performance requirements while using additive manufacturing to achieve complex spatial variations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The invention utilizes parameter changes in the three-dimensionally printed mesh structure, such as varying lattice geometry, material composition, or porosity parameters across different regions or orientations. These parameter variations enable the midsole to achieve customized mechanical properties in different directions, optimizing performance for specific activities while leveraging additive manufacturing capabilities to produce the complex geometry.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If adequate cushioning is provided, then foot protection improves, but weight of the footwear increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefoot protectionVSAvoidfootwear weight
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The three-dimensionally printed mesh structure provides adequate cushioning and foot protection through its porous architecture that dissipates impact forces efficiently. The open-cell or controlled-porosity design allows for energy absorption and rebound without requiring dense, heavy materials, thus maintaining lightweight construction while achieving superior impact protection compared to traditional solid cushioning materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The anisotropic midsole efficiently converts vertical forces into forward motion, improving efficiency and reducing energy expenditure during activities like running, while providing enhanced comfort and injury protection.

Implementation Method 1

A sole for an article of footwear may include a three-dimensionally (3D) printed mesh having an anisotropic structure that predisposes the sole to deform forward when the sole contacts a surface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAnisotropic deformation: Anisotropy

Implementation Method 2

the anisotropic structure may include a lattice framework populated with a combination of soft and stiff subcells

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElastic deformation: Elasticity

Data Source

PatentEP4458582B1Footwear midsole with 3-d printed mesh having an anisotropic structure
Publication Date: 2026.01.21 ADIDAS AG
  • EP4458582B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4458582B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4458582B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present disclosure relates to a sole for an article of footwear, the sole comprising: a three-dimensional mesh comprising: a plurality of interconnected unit cells, each interconnected unit cell comprising a plurality of struts defining a three-dimensional shape and a plurality of nodes at which one or more struts are connected; and a mechanically anisotropic region comprising: a first lattice shear modulus measured in a forward direction, and a second lattice shear modulus measured in a rearward direction opposite the forward direction and greater than the first lattice shear modulus.