3D-Printed Anisotropic Midsole Mesh for Cushioning and Propulsion

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing footwear fails to adequately cushion and support the foot, leading to discomfort, fatigue, and increased risk of injury due to inadequate mechanical characteristics, particularly during everyday and performance activities.

Innovation Solution

A three-dimensional mesh sole with an anisotropic structure is designed, featuring interconnected unit cells with varying stiffness and shear moduli in different directions to provide customized cushioning, support, and propulsion characteristics.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional homogeneous foam midsoles are used, then manufacturing is simple and cost-effective, but cushioning and support characteristics are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecushioning and support characteristicsVSAvoidmidsole structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The midsole is segmented into multiple unit cells arranged in a three-dimensional mesh, where each unit cell contains struts and nodes forming distinct geometric patterns. This segmentation allows different regions to provide different mechanical properties, achieving customized cushioning and support while maintaining manufacturability through modular design

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The midsole incorporates regions with varying strut densities, orientations, and geometric configurations to create localized areas with different stiffness and cushioning characteristics. This enables tailored mechanical properties in specific zones to meet performance requirements while keeping other areas simpler

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Use of energy by moving object

If uniform density foam is used, then manufacturing is easy, but energy conversion efficiency is poor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy conversion efficiencyVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The unit cells incorporate asymmetric strut arrangements and non-uniform geometric patterns that are optimized to convert vertical impact forces into forward propulsion. The asymmetric design creates favorable stress distribution and deformation patterns that enhance energy conversion efficiency while being manufacturable through additive processes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Solution Approach 2:

The midsole design varies geometric parameters such as strut thickness, length, and orientation angles across different regions to optimize energy conversion. These parameter changes are implemented through digital modeling and additive manufacturing, balancing performance optimization with manufacturing feasibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of operation

If soft cushioning material is used throughout, then comfort is improved, but stability and support are reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecomfortVSAvoidstability and support
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The three-dimensional mesh structure creates localized regions with different mechanical properties by varying strut density and geometric configuration. Softer regions with higher comfort are positioned where cushioning is needed, while stiffer regions with greater stability are placed where structural support is required, all within a single integrated midsole component

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The midsole effectively creates a composite structure by combining multiple unit cell designs with different mechanical properties within a single component. This allows the integration of soft cushioning regions and stiff support regions without requiring separate materials or components, achieving both comfort and stability simultaneously

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The anisotropic mesh sole enhances comfort and reduces fatigue by converting vertical forces into forward motion, improving efficiency and reducing energy expenditure during activities like running, while providing tailored support and stability.

Implementation Method 1

a lattice shear modulus measured in a forward direction that is less than a lattice shear modulus measured in a rearward direction... predisposed to deform forward when the sole contacts the ground

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAnisotropic deformation: Anisotropy

Implementation Method 2

each unit cell having a plurality of struts defining a three-dimensional shape and a plurality of nodes at which one or more struts are connected

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElastic deformation: Elasticity

Data Source

PatentEP4706965A2Footwear midsole with 3-d printed mesh having an anisotropic structure
Publication Date: 2026.03.11 ADIDAS AG
  • EP4706965A2 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4706965A2 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4706965A2 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present disclosure relates to a sole for an article of footwear, the sole comprising: a three-dimensional mesh comprising: a plurality of interconnected unit cells, each interconnected unit cell comprising a plurality of struts defining a three-dimensional shape and a plurality of nodes at which one or more struts are connected; and a mechanically anisotropic region comprising: a first lattice shear modulus measured in a forward direction, and a second lattice shear modulus measured in a rearward direction opposite the forward direction and greater than the first lattice shear modulus.