Ankle Actuator DVT Prevention Device with Adaptive Movement Modes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are inadequate, as blood thinning drugs have side effects, elastic stockings and compression devices have limited effectiveness, and patient compliance with existing movement devices is low.
Innovation Solution
A DVT prevention device attached to the ankle, featuring a battery or AC-powered actuator, embedded computer, sensors, and a software control system, which provides active or passive movement, allowing patients to choose their mode of operation and promoting blood flow through ankle extension and flexion, with optional free movement and human interface capabilities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If passive movement devices are used for DVT prevention, then blood flow promotion is achieved, but patient compliance is low
Solution Approach 1:
The device transitions from purely passive movement to a dynamic system that adapts to patient needs and capabilities. The actuator can operate in passive mode when patient compliance is low, and switch to active or resistive modes when patients are able to participate, making the system flexible and compliant-friendly while maintaining DVT prevention effectiveness
Solution Approach 2:
The device incorporates sensors to monitor ankle movement and patient participation levels. This feedback allows the control system to adjust operation mode automatically - providing passive movement when needed and enabling active participation when appropriate, thereby improving both compliance and effectiveness
2Ease of operation
If active movement devices are used for DVT prevention, then patient compliance is enhanced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The device integrates multiple functions into a single system: it can provide passive movement, active movement assistance, and resistive exercise modes. The actuator serves multiple purposes by switching between these modes based on patient needs, enhancing compliance without requiring separate devices for each function
Solution Approach 2:
The device includes sensors and a control system that automatically monitor patient movement and adjust operation modes without constant manual intervention. The system self-regulates by detecting when passive movement is needed versus when active participation is appropriate, reducing the burden on patients and healthcare providers
3Reliability
If compression devices are used for DVT prevention, then blood flow is promoted, but effectiveness is limited
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of continuous compression, the device employs periodic ankle movement cycles that mimic natural walking motion. This periodic activation of the gastrocnemius muscle pump during dorsiflexion and plantarflexion cycles creates more effective blood flow promotion compared to static compression, improving DVT prevention efficiency
Data Source
AI summary
Portable devices and methods for preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by assuring that the ankle is flexed and extended sufficiently to promote blood flow in the lower leg are disclosed. The device includes an actuator with a free movement mode that allows a patient to move freely between activations or to initiate movement to delay a next automatic activation.