Annular Circularly Polarized Antenna With Breakpoint Phase Tuning
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Solution Overview
Problem
The use of linearly polarized antennas in intelligent terminals results in poor satellite positioning performance due to size and industrial design limitations, making it difficult to implement circularly polarized antennas.
Innovation Solution
A circularly polarized antenna design utilizing an annular radiator with a breakpoint and a series-connected capacitor or inductor, where the breakpoint is positioned to adjust the resonant frequencies and phases of the radiator modes, enabling perpendicular resonant currents to achieve circular polarization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a linearly polarized antenna is used in intelligent terminals, then the device size and industrial design requirements are met, but the satellite positioning performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The annular radiator is segmented by introducing a breakpoint that divides the continuous ring into two separate arms. This segmentation allows independent control of current distribution on each arm, enabling the creation of perpendicular current modes necessary for circular polarization while maintaining a compact single-radiator structure suitable for terminal devices.
Solution Approach 2:
Different sections of the annular radiator are designed with different electrical characteristics by positioning the breakpoint at specific locations. The breakpoint creates local variations in current distribution, allowing one arm to support one resonant mode while the other arm supports a perpendicular mode, achieving circular polarization through localized structural modification.
2Reliability
If multiple radiators are used to form circular polarization, then the polarization performance improves, but the space occupation increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple radiator functions are merged into a single annular radiator structure. By introducing a breakpoint and connecting reactive components, the single radiator can simultaneously support two perpendicular resonant modes with 90-degree phase difference, achieving circular polarization functionality that would traditionally require multiple separate radiators, thereby reducing space occupation.
Solution Approach 2:
The annular radiator with breakpoint is designed to perform multiple functions simultaneously: it supports both the first resonant mode and the second perpendicular resonant mode, each contributing to different components of circular polarization. This multi-functionality allows a single structural element to replace what would traditionally require multiple specialized radiators.
3Measurement precision
If the breakpoint position is optimized for one mode, then that mode's performance improves, but the other mode's resonant frequency changes significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The reactive components (capacitors or inductors) connected at the breakpoint are used to adjust electrical parameters independently for each resonant mode. By changing the reactance values, the resonant frequencies of both modes can be tuned, and the phase difference between them can be controlled to achieve the required 90-degree separation for circular polarization, compensating for the frequency shifts caused by breakpoint positioning.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design reduces the number of radiators needed, minimizes space occupation, and enhances satellite positioning performance by forming a circularly polarized antenna that improves reception capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
the resonant frequencies of the first mode and the second mode of the radiator both increase... the resonant current of the first mode of the radiator and the resonant current of the second mode of the radiator are perpendicular to each other
Implementation Method 2
a first capacitor or a first inductor is connected in series with the radiator at the first breakpoint... the equivalent distributed inductance of the radiator decreases due to the offset effect of the capacitor
Implementation Method 3
a first capacitor or a first inductor is connected in series with the radiator at the first breakpoint... the inductance of the equivalent distributed inductance of the radiator will increase
Data Source
Figure 1~3
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Figure 8~10
AI summary
The present application is applicable to the field of antenna technology, and provides a circularly polarized antenna and an intelligent terminal. The circularly polarized antenna includes an annular radiator and a first feed terminal. A first breakpoint is provided on the radiator, and a first capacitor or a first inductor is connected in series with the radiator at the first breakpoint. One end of the first feed terminal is electrically connected to the radiator, and another end of the first feed terminal is electrically connected to a first feed module of a mainboard. When a capacitor or inductor is connected in series with the radiator at the first breakpoint, the resonance frequencies of a first mode and a second mode excited on the radiator which are mutually perpendicular will both change, so that the difference between the resonance phase of the first mode and the resonance phase of the second mode reaches 90°, thereby the circular polarization is realized which improves satellite positioning performance.