Annular Circularly Polarized Antenna for Compact Wearable Positioning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Wearable devices face challenges in implementing circularly polarized antennas due to volume constraints and industrial design limitations, leading to poor satellite positioning performance and inaccurate trajectory detection with linearly polarized antennas.
Innovation Solution
A circularly polarized antenna structure comprising a mainboard, an annular radiator, a feeding terminal, and a grounding terminal connected via a capacitor, which generates a circulating current to produce circularly polarized waves without additional coupling structures, utilizing the metal bezel or frame as the radiator.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If linearly polarized antennas are adopted in wearable devices due to volume constraints, then the device can be made compact, but satellite positioning performance deteriorates and trajectory detection becomes inaccurate
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is segmented into two separate radiating elements (first and second radiating elements) with different orientations. Each element captures a component of the circularly polarized signal, and their combined output achieves full circular polarization reception capability while maintaining a compact form factor suitable for wearable devices.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna structure is designed to perform multiple functions: it provides both linear polarization reception (through individual elements) and circular polarization reception (through combined operation). The same antenna structure serves as both the radiating element and the grounding reference, eliminating the need for separate grounding structures and reducing overall volume.
2Measurement precision
If circularly polarized antennas are adopted to improve satellite positioning performance, then reception efficiency is enhanced, but the device volume increases and industrial design becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The feeding structure and grounding structure are merged into a single integrated component. The feeding terminal serves dual purposes: providing RF signal input and establishing the grounding reference for the radiating elements. This consolidation eliminates redundant structures and reduces the overall antenna volume while maintaining circular polarization capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna transitions from a planar two-dimensional structure to a three-dimensional configuration by positioning radiating elements at different spatial locations and orientations. This vertical and spatial arrangement enables circular polarization functionality without requiring a large planar area, thus reducing the footprint in wearable devices.
3Reliability
If additional coupling structures are added to achieve circular polarization, then reception capability is improved, but device complexity and space occupation increase
Solution Approach 1:
The feeding terminal serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides the RF signal input to the radiating elements, establishes the grounding reference, and creates the necessary phase relationship between orthogonal polarizations. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate coupling structures, reducing overall device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and eliminates unnecessary coupling structures from traditional circular polarization antenna designs. By using directly connected radiating elements with orthogonal orientations and a unified feeding-grounding system, the design removes redundant components while maintaining the essential circular polarization reception capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances reception efficiency and positioning accuracy by simplifying the antenna structure, reducing space occupation, and improving radiation performance in wearable devices like smart watches.
Implementation Method 1
a grounding terminal electrically connected to the annular radiator at a first end and electrically connected to a grounding module of the mainboard through a first capacitor at a second end
Implementation Method 2
the mainboard and the annular radiator are spaced apart to form an annular gap structure
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are a circularly polarized antenna structure and a wearable device. The antenna structure being circularly polarized and including a mainboard; an annular radiator, wherein the mainboard and the annular radiator are spaced apart to form an annular gap structure; a feeding terminal electrically connected to the annular radiator at a first end and connected to a feeding module of the mainboard at a second end; and a grounding terminal electrically connected to the annular radiator at a first end and electrically connected to a grounding module of the mainboard through a first capacitor at a second end.