Anode Current Collector Double Coating for All-Solid-State Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current anode current collectors in all-solid-state batteries are lithium-phobic, leading to inefficient lithium ion storage and increased risk of lithium dendrite formation and cell short circuits due to their high electrical conductivity and chemical reactivity, which reduces battery efficiency and lifespan.
Innovation Solution
An anode current collector with a first lithiophilic metal coating layer and a second metal oxide coating layer with reduced electronic conductivity, allowing for uniform lithium alloy formation and preventing direct contact with the solid electrolyte, thereby enhancing lithium ion transfer and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If a lithiophilic metal coating layer is applied to the anode current collector, then lithium ion storage uniformity is improved, but electronic conductivity increases leading to cell short circuit
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies a composite coating structure consisting of a lithiophilic metal layer (such as Al, Mg, Zn, or their alloys) combined with a protective layer (such as Al2O3, MgO, ZnO, or their composite structures). This composite structure provides both lithiophilic properties for uniform lithium deposition and protective properties to prevent electron transport to the solid electrolyte, thereby resolving the contradiction between lithium storage uniformity and short circuit prevention.
Solution Approach 2:
The protective layer acts as an intermediary between the lithiophilic metal layer and the solid electrolyte. It physically separates the highly conductive metal from the electrolyte, blocking electron transport while allowing lithium ion transfer. This intermediary structure enables the system to benefit from the lithiophilic properties without suffering from the harmful electronic conductivity.
2Manufacturing precision
If a lithiophilic metal coating layer is applied to the anode current collector, then lithium alloy formation is improved, but chemical reactivity with solid electrolyte increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite coating system where the lithiophilic metal layer (providing lithium alloy formation capability) is combined with a protective layer (such as metal oxides or composite structures). This composite structure allows the metal layer to form lithium alloys while the protective layer prevents direct chemical contact with the solid electrolyte, thereby resolving the contradiction between lithium alloy formation and chemical reactivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The protective layer serves as an intermediary barrier between the lithiophilic metal and the solid electrolyte. It prevents direct chemical reactions between the reactive metal and the electrolyte while still permitting lithium ion transfer, thus enabling lithium alloy formation without the harmful chemical reactivity.
3Stability of the object's composition
If conventional anode current collectors are used, then structural stability is maintained, but lithium ion storage efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies a composite coating structure on conventional current collectors (Cu, Ni, or stainless steel). The coating includes a lithiophilic metal layer that provides high lithium ion storage efficiency and uniform lithium deposition, combined with a protective layer that maintains structural stability and prevents degradation, thereby resolving the contradiction between structural stability and lithium ion storage efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution improves the lifespan and charge/discharge efficiency of all-solid-state batteries by preventing lithium dendrite formation and maintaining coulombic efficiency over multiple cycles, enabling higher energy density storage.
Implementation Method 1
a first coating layer disposed on a first surface of the current collecting layer and including a metal component capable of forming an alloy with lithium
Implementation Method 2
a second coating layer positioned on the first coating layer and having less electronic conductivity than the first coating layer
Implementation Method 3
The second coating layer may include a metal oxide having lithium-ion conductivity
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are an anode current collector including double coating layers and an all-solid-state battery including the anode current collector.