Anodically-Coloring Electrochromic Compounds for Liquid Composition Solubility
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Solution Overview
Problem
Anodically-coloring electrochromic materials often have inadequate solubility in liquid electrochromic compositions, limiting their performance and color reproducibility.
Innovation Solution
An electrochromic device comprising a cathodic component, an anodic component, an electrolyte, and a polymer matrix, with the anodic component being an anodically-coloring electrochromic compound represented by Formula (I), where R1 and R2 are independently selected from linear or branched C3-C20 alkyl, and an electrochromic composition comprising a cathodic component, an anodic component, an electrolyte, a polymeric thickener, and a solvent.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If anodically-coloring electrochromic materials are used, then color reproducibility and contrast are improved, but solubility in liquid electrochromic compositions deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical structure of anodically-coloring electrochromic materials by introducing specific substituents (such as -NR2, -NR3+, -OR, -F, -Cl, -Br, -CF3, -SO3-, -SO2NR2, -PO3-, -BPhen, -Bpy, -Phen, -NCS, -SCN, -CN, -NO2, -NH2, -SH, -COOH, -CONR2, -CONH2, -COCH3, -CHO, -C≡C-, -C≡N, -C≡C-R, -C≡C-Ar, -C≡C-H, -C≡C-R', -C≡C-Ar', -C≡C-R'', -C≡C-Ar'', -C≡C-R''', -C≡C-Ar''' groups) to alter solubility parameters while preserving electrochromic performance. This allows the materials to maintain good solubility in liquid compositions while retaining their superior color reproducibility and contrast.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite electrochromic compositions by combining anodically-coloring electrochromic materials with cathodically-coloring electrochromic materials, electrolytes, and polymers. This composite approach allows the system to achieve both good solubility (through the liquid composition matrix) and excellent color reproducibility (through the anodically-coloring component) simultaneously.
2Reliability
If anodically-coloring electrochromic materials are used, then color contrast is improved, but solubility in liquid electrochromic compositions deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces various functional groups and substituents to modify the solubility parameters of anodically-coloring electrochromic materials without compromising their color contrast performance. The specific substituents mentioned in the patent enable the materials to dissolve well in liquid compositions while maintaining high color contrast.
Solution Approach 2:
By formulating composite electrochromic compositions that include anodically-coloring electrochromic materials, cathodically-coloring electrochromic materials, electrolytes, and polymers in specific ratios, the patent achieves both good solubility and excellent color contrast simultaneously.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Improves the solubility and color reproducibility of anodically-coloring electrochromic materials, enhancing their performance in electrochromic devices.
Implementation Method 1
Electrochromism involves a reversible change in a material's visible color and/or transmittance of visible light with the application of an electrical potential. The change in color and/or transmittance typically involves alternately cycled oxidized and reduced charge states. Generally, a material the generates a color while undergoing reduction is referred to as a cathodically-coloring electrochromic material; and a material that generates color while undergoing oxidation is referred to as an anodically-coloring electrochromic material.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to an anodically-coloring electrochromic compound represented by the following Formula (I),With reference to Formula (I), R1 and R2 are each independently selected from linear or branched C3-C20 alkyl. The present invention also relates to electrochromic devices and compositions that include an anodically-coloring electrochromic compound represented by Formula (I).