Antenna Array Beamforming for Circular Polarization Axial Ratio Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antenna arrays face challenges in maintaining stable polarization characteristics due to deviations in axial ratio caused by mutual coupling, manufacturing tolerances, and variations in scan angles, leading to signal transmission efficiency and reliability degradation.
Innovation Solution
An axial ratio compensation method that decomposes circular polarization into two linear polarization modes, performing beamforming and compensating phase and electric field magnitude differences between orthogonal ports to improve circular polarization performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional antenna arrays are used without compensation, then the structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the axial ratio deviates due to mutual coupling, manufacturing tolerances, and scan angle variations leading to poor circular polarization characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-calculating and storing compensation values for phase and electric field magnitude in lookup tables before actual operation. During runtime, the system only needs to query these pre-computed values based on scan angles, avoiding complex real-time calculations and achieving axial ratio compensation efficiently
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes parameters by adjusting phase and electric field magnitude based on scan angle variations. The system dynamically modifies these parameters using pre-stored compensation data to maintain optimal axial ratio performance across different scanning conditions without physical hardware changes
2Reliability
If phase and magnitude compensation are applied to maintain axial ratio, then circular polarization characteristics improve, but the computational complexity and processing requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent pre-computes compensation values for phase and electric field magnitude across the full range of scan angles and stores them in lookup tables. During operation, the system simply queries these pre-calculated values, transforming complex real-time computation into simple table lookups that maintain reliability without increasing processing complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The system achieves self-service by using the scan angle itself as the key to retrieve pre-computed compensation values. The compensation process automatically adapts to current operating conditions without requiring external control or complex decision-making logic, improving reliability while keeping processing simple
Data Source
AI summary
An axial ratio compensation method performed by an antenna system including an antenna array having antenna elements is provided. The axial ratio compensation method includes: when first ports of the antenna elements are excited, controlling phases at the first ports according to first beamforming information for driving the antenna array to generate a first linearly polarized beam according to a predetermined direction; when second ports of the antenna elements are excited, controlling phases at the second ports according to second beamforming information for driving the antenna array to generate a second linearly polarized beam according to the predetermined direction; compensating at least one of a phase difference an electric field magnitude difference between the first and second linearly polarized beams to compensate an axial ratio of a predetermined circularly polarized beam directed toward the predetermined direction.