1x6 Antenna Array Beam Width and Gain Optimization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current antenna arrays face challenges in achieving a large beam width while maintaining high gain, particularly in applications such as home security devices, where existing designs often result in insufficient gain or radiation pattern nulls.
Innovation Solution
The proposed antenna system incorporates a dielectric substrate with a 1×6 antenna array configuration, featuring a specific arrangement of radiation, connection, and impedance adjustment elements, optimized for operation at 24 GHz, which provides a beam width of 160 degrees and gain greater than 6 dBi, utilizing a Rogers RO4350B material and a mirror-symmetrical second antenna array for enhanced performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If conventional antenna array designs are used, then high gain is achieved, but beam width becomes narrow
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical parameters of the antenna elements, specifically making the radiation element length 0.15-0.25 wavelength and width 0.51-0.78 wavelength at the operating frequency. These parameter modifications enable the antenna to achieve both high gain (>6 dBi) and large beam width (160 degrees) simultaneously, resolving the traditional trade-off between gain and beam width
2Area of moving object
If antenna elements are arranged to increase beam width, then coverage area improves, but gain decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating non-uniform current distribution across the antenna elements through specific element design. Each element has optimized dimensions (length 0.15-0.25 wavelength, width 0.51-0.78 wavelength) that create favorable local electromagnetic field conditions, enabling wide beam coverage while maintaining high gain through controlled current distribution patterns
3Area of moving object
If antenna array configuration is modified to achieve large beam width, then radiation pattern coverage improves, but nulls appear in radiation pattern
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the antenna system into six identical, uniformly spaced elements arranged in a straight line. This segmentation with precise spacing and identical element characteristics creates a balanced radiation pattern that achieves wide beam width (160 degrees) while eliminating nulls through constructive interference across all elements
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna system includes a dielectric substrate, a ground plane, and a first antenna array. The ground plane is disposed on a second surface of the dielectric substrate. The first antenna array is disposed on a first surface of the dielectric substrate. The first antenna array includes a first transmission line, a first antenna element, a second antenna element, a third antenna element, a fourth antenna element, a fifth antenna element, and a sixth antenna element. The first transmission line has a first feeding point and is coupled to the first antenna element, the second antenna element, the third antenna element, the fourth antenna element, the fifth antenna element, and the sixth antenna element. The first antenna element, the second antenna element, the third antenna element, the fourth antenna element, the fifth antenna element, and the sixth antenna element are all substantially arranged in a first straight line.