Antenna Array Precoding with Distortion-Reducing Matrix

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Solution Overview

Problem

Power amplifiers in wireless communication systems exhibit nonlinear characteristics and drift over time due to temperature changes, voltage variations, and channel changes, leading to distortion that existing technologies struggle to manage effectively.

Innovation Solution

Implement a distortion reducing matrix in the signal processing chain to minimize error signals at power amplifier outputs, combined with digital pre-distortion models to compensate for nonlinear distortions, and update the matrix coefficients in response to changes in PA behavior or coupling effects.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If power amplifiers operate near saturation region to improve efficiency, then power efficiency is improved, but nonlinear distortion increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower efficiencyVSAvoidnonlinear distortion
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies digital predistortion processing before the power amplifier to pre-compensate for nonlinear distortions. The predistorter modifies the input signal in advance to counteract the expected nonlinear behavior of the PA operating near saturation, thereby maintaining both high efficiency and low distortion

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback mechanisms to monitor and adjust for PA characteristics drift over time. By continuously measuring output distortions and adjusting predistortion parameters, the system maintains optimal performance despite temperature changes, voltage variations, and component aging

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Object-generated harmful factors

If digital predistortion models are used to compensate nonlinear distortion, then distortion compensation is improved, but model complexity and processing requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenonlinear distortion compensationVSAvoiddigital predistortion model complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent focuses predistortion efforts on the most significant distortion components rather than attempting to compensate all nonlinearities perfectly. By targeting the dominant distortion mechanisms, the system achieves effective compensation with simpler, more computationally efficient models

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent adapts predistortion model parameters dynamically based on operating conditions such as temperature, voltage, and input power level. This allows the use of simpler models that can be adjusted through parameter changes rather than requiring complex structural modifications to handle varying operating conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If PA characteristics are managed to reduce distortion drift over time, then signal quality is improved, but system complexity and management overhead increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal quality stabilityVSAvoidPA management system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements self-calibration and adaptive algorithms that automatically adjust predistortion parameters based on measured performance. The system monitors its own distortion characteristics and performs self-correction without requiring external intervention or complex manual management, thereby maintaining signal quality with minimal overhead

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP4618411A1Distortion reducing precoding
Publication Date: 2025.09.17 NOKIA SOLUTIONS & NETWORKS OY
  • EP4618411A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4618411A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4618411A1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

An apparatus may be configured to receive a signal to be transmitted via an array of antennas by a zero-forcing precoder, wherein the signal is processed by the linear precoder based on one or more input power criteria for power amplifiers of the array of antennas; apply a distortion reducing matrix to the processed signal, wherein the distortion reducing matrix is trained to reduce the distortion at each output of the power amplifiers based on minimizing an error signal corresponding to a difference between measured and calculated outputs of the power amplifiers after a coupling effect between the power amplifiers based on the applied matrices; and provide an output of the distortion reducing matrix to be used in digital pre-distortion processing of an input signal for the power amplifiers.