Antenna Mechanical Structure Using Capacitive Slots to Mitigate EM Shadow
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Solution Overview
Problem
In antenna systems, radiating elements are often blocked by surrounding metal components, leading to the generation of an electromagnetic shadow, which deteriorates signal quality for both signal receiving and radiation processes.
Innovation Solution
The introduction of an antenna mechanical part with a conductive substrate and structural units that form a capacitor, allowing electromagnetic waves to bypass the blocking component by propagating through the capacitor, thus reducing or eliminating the electromagnetic shadow.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If a conductive substrate (metal component) is used in the antenna system, then structural support and mechanical stability are provided, but electromagnetic shadow is generated that blocks electromagnetic waves and deteriorates signal quality
Solution Approach 1:
The structural unit is divided into multiple discrete conductive elements (first structural unit, second structural unit, etc.) that are spaced apart from each other and from the conductive substrate. This segmentation allows electromagnetic waves to pass through the gaps between elements while still providing structural support, thereby reducing electromagnetic shadow effects.
Solution Approach 2:
The capacitance values of different parts of the first capacitor are made different, creating non-uniform electromagnetic properties in different regions. This local variation in capacitance allows the structure to selectively interact with electromagnetic waves of different frequencies, enabling both structural support and reduced electromagnetic shadow across multiple frequency bands.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If structural units are added to form capacitors around the conductive substrate, then electromagnetic stealth performance is improved and electromagnetic shadow is reduced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The structural units serve multiple functions simultaneously: they provide mechanical structural support, form capacitive elements for electromagnetic wave manipulation, and create the necessary spacing to reduce electromagnetic shadow. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate components, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The structural units are integrated with the conductive substrate to form combined structures where the structural support and electromagnetic control functions are merged. The structural units are disposed on the outer side of the conductive substrate and encircle it, creating a unified assembly that achieves both structural integrity and electromagnetic stealth performance.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the first capacitor with different capacitance values is formed, then electromagnetic waves of multiple frequency bands can pass through, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The capacitance values of different parts of the first capacitor are varied to create different resonant frequencies. By changing the capacitance parameter across different regions, the structure can accommodate electromagnetic waves of multiple frequency bands. The different capacitance values are achieved through variations in the structural unit geometry and spacing, which can be controlled during manufacturing.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution effectively mitigates the electromagnetic shadow, ensuring improved signal quality by allowing electromagnetic waves to propagate around the blocking component, while also expanding the stealth bandwidth to accommodate multiple frequency bands.
Implementation Method 1
When an electromagnetic wave emitted from the wave source is propagated to the antenna mechanical part, the electromagnetic wave is constrained to be propagated in the first capacitor along the slot
Implementation Method 2
The first structural unit, the slot, and the second structural unit may substantially form the first capacitor, and both the first structural unit and the second structural unit may be used as a plate of the first capacitor
Implementation Method 3
The conductive substrate blocks an electromagnetic wave. The structural unit is a conductive structure that is disposed on an outer side of the conductive substrate and encircles the conductive substrate once
Implementation Method 4
electromagnetic wave signals of different frequency bands can all resonate in the slot based on respective electrical lengths of the electromagnetic wave signals
Data Source
AI summary
This application provides an antenna mechanical part, including a conductive substrate and at least two structural units. Each of the at least two structural units encircles the conductive substrate once, and each structural unit and the conductive substrate are spaced apart. The at least two structural units include a first structural unit and a second structural unit that are adjacent to each other. The first structural unit and the second structural unit are spaced apart to form a first capacitor, and capacitance values of different parts of the first capacitor are different. This application further provides an antenna including the antenna mechanical part and a base station including the antenna. According to the solutions of this application, a problem of an electromagnetic shadow caused by blocking of a metal component can be mitigated.