Antenna Closed Conductor Loop for Mutual Coupling Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Designing a multi-antenna system with good energy or ports isolation is challenging due to severe mutual coupling effects between antenna elements operating in the same frequency band, which complicates achieving efficient wireless communication in limited device space.
Innovation Solution
The antenna design features a closed conductor loop with bending portions forming a three-dimensional structure, including coupling gaps that enhance impedance bandwidth and reduce mutual coupling, allowing for effective energy isolation and smaller system size.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If the distance between adjacent antenna elements is increased to improve energy isolation, then mutual coupling effects are reduced, but the overall size of the multi-antenna system increases
Solution Approach 1:
A decoupling structure is introduced as an intermediary element between adjacent antenna elements. This decoupling structure includes a conductor and a ground, forming a decoupling capacitor that blocks mutual coupling currents while allowing the antenna elements to remain close together, thus reducing mutual coupling effects without increasing the overall system size
Solution Approach 2:
The electrical parameters of the antenna system are modified by introducing the decoupling structure, which changes the impedance characteristics and current distribution. The decoupling capacitor creates a high impedance path for coupling currents, effectively reducing mutual coupling while maintaining compact antenna spacing
2Object-affected harmful factors
If protruding or open slot structures are designed on the ground area between nearby antenna elements to improve energy isolation, then mutual coupling is reduced, but the device complexity and manufacturing difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The ground structure is segmented into distinct regions: a first ground connected to the first antenna element and a second ground connected to the second antenna element. The decoupling structure is positioned between these segmented ground regions, creating clear electrical separation while maintaining a simple planar layout that is easy to manufacture
Solution Approach 2:
The decoupling structure serves as an intermediary element that simplifies the ground design compared to complex protruding or open slot structures. It provides effective decoupling through a straightforward capacitor implementation that can be easily integrated into the PCB layout
3Object-affected harmful factors
If adjacent antenna elements are designed to be orthogonal to each other to improve energy isolation, then mutual coupling effects are reduced, but the overall size and complexity of the antenna system increase
Solution Approach 1:
The decoupling structure is positioned between adjacent antenna elements regardless of their spatial orientation. This intermediary decoupling capacitor effectively blocks mutual coupling currents, allowing the antenna elements to be placed closer together while maintaining low mutual coupling, thus reducing the overall system size compared to orthogonal configurations
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design achieves improved impedance matching and reduced variation in input impedance across frequencies, enabling efficient electromagnetic signal transmission and reception with smaller mutual coupling effects between adjacent antennas, thus enhancing communication performance in limited device space.
Implementation Method 1
The radiating portion includes at least one signal source and a closed conductor loop... The closed conductor loop has a first coupling conductor portion and a second coupling conductor portion... a first coupling gap is formed between the first and the second coupling conductor portions
Implementation Method 2
a first coupling gap is formed between the first and the second coupling conductor portions... The radiating portion makes the antenna to generate an operating band, which is configured to transmit or receive electromagnetic signals of at least one communication band
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna and a communication device thereof are provided. The antenna includes at least one ground and at least one radiating portion. The ground is disposed on a dielectric substrate, and the radiating portion includes at least one signal source and at least one closed conductor loop. The closed conductor loop has a first coupling conductor portion and a second coupling conductor portion, and the closed conductor loop has a plurality of bending portions to form a three-dimensional structure, and a first coupling gap is formed between the first and the second coupling conductor portions. The closed conductor loop further has a feeding portion and a short-circuit portion to form a second coupling gap between them. The feeding portion is electrically connected or coupled to the at least one signal source, and the short-circuit portion is electrically connected or coupled to the ground.