Multi-band Antenna Decoupling via Coupling and Grounding Lines
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Solution Overview
Problem
Multi-band decoupling in multi-antenna systems is challenging due to differences in operating frequencies, leading to increased design complexity and reduced isolation between antennas in limited spaces, especially when transitioning between bands like WLAN and LTE.
Innovation Solution
A multi-band multi-antenna system is designed with a ground, antenna units, coupling conductor lines, and grounding conductor lines, utilizing low-pass filtering portions and strategically placed coupling and grounding conductors to reduce energy coupling and increase isolation between bands, allowing for efficient operation across multiple communication bands.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If antennas are designed for multi-band operation in limited space, then communication versatility is improved, but design complexity and mutual coupling increase
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is divided into multiple antenna units, each responsible for specific frequency bands. The decoupling structure is segmented into coupling conductor lines and grounding conductor lines that are strategically placed between antenna units. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each antenna unit while managing overall system complexity through modular design.
Solution Approach 2:
Decoupling structures consisting of coupling conductor lines and grounding conductor lines are introduced as intermediary elements between adjacent antenna units. These intermediary structures manage electromagnetic energy coupling between bands by providing controlled coupling paths and grounding references, thereby reducing mutual interference without requiring complete isolation that would increase design complexity.
2Length of moving object
If antenna resonance size is increased for lower frequency bands, then lower band performance is improved, but space between antennas is reduced leading to increased coupling
Solution Approach 1:
Decoupling structures with coupling conductor lines and grounding conductor lines are positioned between antenna units to mediate electromagnetic interactions. These intermediary structures provide controlled coupling paths that manage energy transfer between adjacent antennas operating at different frequencies, reducing harmful mutual coupling effects while allowing antenna units to maintain their required resonance sizes.
Solution Approach 2:
The decoupling structures are strategically placed in specific locations between antenna units where coupling occurs most strongly. The coupling conductor lines are positioned to intercept and redirect coupled energy, while grounding conductor lines provide local reference potentials. This localized approach allows antenna units to maintain full resonance size without experiencing excessive coupling across the entire antenna array.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If grounding metal structures are added to increase isolation, then isolation between antennas is improved, but induced surface currents decrease impedance matching
Solution Approach 1:
Grounding conductor lines are introduced as intermediary elements that provide controlled grounding paths between antenna units. These grounding lines manage surface current distribution by providing defined reference potentials, thereby improving isolation between antenna units while maintaining controlled impedance environments that preserve impedance matching characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The decoupling structure parameters including conductor line dimensions, spacing, and grounding configurations are optimized to balance isolation and impedance matching requirements. By adjusting these parameters, the structure provides sufficient isolation between antenna units while maintaining appropriate impedance levels for efficient signal transmission, resolving the trade-off between isolation and impedance matching.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces the dependent relationship between lower and higher operating bands, decreases the overall size of the antenna units, and enhances isolation, enabling efficient multi-band operation with improved signal quality and reduced interference.
Implementation Method 1
a first low-pass filtering portion and a first extending conductor portion. The first low-pass filtering portion is electrically coupled between the first conductor portion and the first extending conductor portion
Implementation Method 2
The first conductor portion forms a first higher band resonance path of the first antenna unit, and the first higher band resonance path generates a first higher operating band
Implementation Method 3
The coupling conductor line is disposed nearby the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit, and has a first coupling portion and a second coupling portion. There is a first coupling gap between first coupling portion and the first antenna unit
Implementation Method 4
The grounding conductor line is disposed between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit, and is electrically connected to the ground
Data Source
AI summary
A multi-band multi-antenna system and a communication device thereof are provided. The multi-band multi-antenna system includes at least one ground, two antenna units, a coupling conductor line and a grounding conductor line. Both of the two antenna units have at least one conductor portion, a low-pass filtering portion and an extending conductor portion. Each antenna unit generates at least one higher and lower operating bands. The low-pass filtering portion is electrically coupled between the conductor portion and the extending conductor portion, and effectively decreases dependent relationship between the higher and lower operating bands. The coupling conductor line is disposed nearby the two antenna units and has a first coupling portion and a second coupling portion. The grounding conductor line is disposed between the two antenna units and connected to the ground.