Common-Aperture Antenna Structure for Induced Current Cancellation

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Solution Overview

Problem

In communications devices, the combination of high-frequency and low-frequency antennas in a common aperture antenna array leads to deterioration of gain stability and polarization suppression ratios due to induced currents and electromagnetic wave interference.

Innovation Solution

The antenna array incorporates a radiation part with frequency selection units that excite coupling currents capable of canceling each other out, reducing or eliminating high-frequency induced currents, and features a conductive grid and conductor configuration with specific gap and width dimensions to enhance bandpass characteristics and radiation performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If high-frequency and low-frequency antennas are configured in a common aperture antenna array to reduce device volume, then the device volume is reduced, but the gain stability and polarization suppression ratios of high-frequency antennas deteriorate due to induced currents

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice volumeVSAvoidgain stability and polarization suppression ratios
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the harmful induced currents on the low-frequency antenna into beneficial canceling currents by introducing a specific conductive structure. The induced current on the low-frequency antenna is transformed into a coupling current that flows through the conductive structure, creating an equal and opposite current that cancels the harmful radiation, thereby eliminating the negative effect while maintaining the common aperture configuration

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a conductive structure as an intermediary between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas. This conductive structure acts as a mediator that receives the induced current from the low-frequency antenna and transforms it into a canceling current, preventing the direct harmful interaction between the two antenna systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration improves the gain stability and polarization suppression ratios of high-frequency antennas by minimizing electromagnetic wave interference and optimizing radiation patterns.

Implementation Method 1

The radiation part includes one or more frequency selection units with a bandpass characteristic

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBandpass filtering: Filter (electronic)

Implementation Method 2

when a high-frequency signal passes through the radiation part, it is a structure that is capable of exciting coupling currents that cancel in pairs

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 3

each pair of coupling currents excited on the radiation part appear in pairs and can cancel each other. This can reduce or even completely eliminate a high-frequency induced current

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic wave cancellation: Interference

Data Source

PatentEP4027454B1Antenna, antenna array, and communication device
Publication Date: 2024.06.19 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP4027454B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4027454B1 patent drawingFigure 2a
  • EP4027454B1 patent drawingFigure 2b

AI summary

This application provides an antenna, an antenna array, and a communications device. The antenna includes a radiation part and a feeding part. The feeding part is coupled to the radiation part and is configured to feed power to the radiation part, so that the radiation part radiates a low-frequency signal outward. The radiation part includes one or more frequency selection units with a bandpass characteristic, and the radiation part is a structure that is capable of exciting, when a high-frequency signal passes through, coupling currents that cancel in pairs. When the high-frequency signal passes through the radiation part, each pair of coupling currents excited on the radiation part appear in pairs and can cancel each other. This can reduce or even completely eliminate a high-frequency induced current with the same frequency as the high-frequency signal on the radiation part. In this way, when the high-frequency signal passes through, the radiation part can only radiate a few or no electromagnetic waves of the same frequency as the high-frequency signal, which helps to improve pattern parameters such as gain stability and a polarization suppression ratio of a high-frequency antenna that emits a high-frequency signal.