Antenna Directivity Adjustment via Beam Width Conversion
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-frequency communication systems, such as those using the 70/80 GHz band, face challenges in antenna directivity adjustment due to narrow beam widths, making precise alignment difficult and leading to energy loss and reduced antenna gain.
Innovation Solution
An antenna directivity adjustment apparatus and method that includes a second antenna opposing the radiation surface of a first antenna, with an output unit that converts the narrow beam width of the received radio waves into a wider beam width, allowing for easier direction adjustment and reduced energy loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the frequency is increased to 70/80 GHz band for high capacity communication, then the communication capacity is improved, but the beam width becomes quite narrow (about 0.5 degrees) making direction adjustment difficult
Solution Approach 1:
A beam width adjustment unit is introduced as an intermediary device between the high-frequency antenna and the adjustment operator. This unit temporarily widens the narrow beam (e.g., from 0.5 degrees to several degrees) to enable easy direction alignment, then restores the narrow beam for high-capacity communication, solving the contradiction between narrow beam requirements and adjustment ease
2Productivity
If the beam width is narrowed for high capacity communication, then the communication capacity is improved, but the reception level changes greatly with slight direction changes requiring extremely precise adjustment
Solution Approach 1:
The beam width adjustment unit performs preliminary action by widening the beam before direction adjustment takes place. This preliminary widening creates a larger adjustment margin that reduces sensitivity to direction changes, making it easier to achieve the required precise alignment for high-capacity communication
3Ease of operation
If an adjustment cover is used to increase beam width, then the direction adjustment becomes easier, but energy loss increases and antenna gain is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The beam width adjustment unit dynamically changes the beam width based on operational requirements. During adjustment phase, it widens the beam for ease of operation; during communication phase, it restores the narrow beam for high gain and low energy loss, eliminating the permanent energy loss associated with static adjustment covers
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the beam width parameter temporarily during adjustment and then restores it to the original narrow value. This parameter change approach allows easy direction adjustment without permanently altering the antenna's high-gain narrow beam characteristics, avoiding continuous energy loss
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise and efficient adjustment of antenna direction without significant energy loss, maintaining high antenna gain and improving the signal-to-noise ratio by widening the beam width of the radio waves.
Implementation Method 1
an output unit that is provided in the second antenna, converts a first beam width of the received radio waves into a second beam width wider than the first beam width
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure aims to provide an antenna directivity adjustment apparatus and an antenna directivity adjustment method capable of preventing an antenna gain from being reduced and easily adjusting a direction of an antenna. An antenna directivity adjustment apparatus (1) includes: a second antenna (2) that is opposed to a radiation surface (100a) of a first antenna (100) and receives radio waves output from the first antenna (100); and an output unit (3) that is provided in the second antenna (2), converts a first beam width of the received radio waves into a second beam width wider than the first beam width, and outputs the radio waves having the second beam width.