Dual-Polarized Antenna Feed Circuit for Compact Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional antenna configurations face challenges in maintaining isolation between antennas, leading to increased size and inefficiencies when structures are inserted to separate them.
Innovation Solution
The proposed antenna configuration includes a radiation conductor, ground conductor, and feeding lines with specific electromagnetic connections and reversed-phase signal feeding circuits, allowing for reduced impedance and enhanced isolation between polarization directions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If two antennas are moved close to each other, then space utilization is improved, but isolation between antennas deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
A ground conductor is introduced as an intermediary element between the two antennas. This ground conductor serves as a mediator that provides electromagnetic isolation between the antennas, allowing them to be positioned closer together while maintaining adequate isolation. The ground conductor creates separate electromagnetic paths for each antenna, preventing direct interference between them.
Solution Approach 2:
The isolation mechanism is moved from the horizontal plane (between antennas) to the vertical dimension by introducing a ground conductor below the antennas. This dimensional shift allows the antennas to be closely spaced horizontally while maintaining isolation through the vertical ground structure, effectively utilizing three-dimensional space for isolation rather than requiring horizontal separation.
2Reliability
If a structure is inserted between antennas to secure isolation, then isolation is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The ground conductor serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides isolation between antennas, acts as a reference plane for impedance control, and serves as a return path for electromagnetic signals. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional dedicated isolation structures, thereby simplifying the overall antenna system while maintaining effective isolation.
Solution Approach 2:
The isolation function is merged with the ground structure that is already necessary for antenna operation. Rather than adding a separate isolation structure, the ground conductor is designed to fulfill both the grounding/return path function and the isolation function, consolidating multiple requirements into a single structural element and reducing overall system complexity.
3Power
If feeding lines are arranged to excite radiation conductor in multiple directions, then radiation efficiency is improved, but isolation between polarization directions deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The feeding lines are arranged in an asymmetric configuration relative to the radiation conductor, with specific positioning and orientation designed to create distinct electromagnetic fields for different polarizations. This asymmetric arrangement allows the radiation conductor to be efficiently excited in multiple directions while maintaining differentiation between polarization modes, preventing unwanted coupling between orthogonal polarizations.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the radiation conductor are selectively excited by different feeding lines with specific characteristics. Each feeding line is optimized for its local region and polarization direction, creating localized field distributions that maintain polarization isolation while achieving overall high radiation efficiency through coordinated multi-directional excitation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enables efficient excitation of the radiation conductor in multiple directions, reducing impedance and improving isolation between polarization directions, thereby maintaining radiation efficiency and reducing antenna size.
Implementation Method 1
The first feeding line is configured to be electromagnetically connected to the radiation conductor. The second feeding line is configured to be electromagnetically connected to the radiation conductor.
Implementation Method 2
The first feeding circuit is configured to feed reversed-phased signals, which have mutually opposite phases, to the first feeding line and the third feeding line.
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna includes a radiation conductor, a ground conductor, first-fourth feeding lines, a first feeding circuit, and a second feeding circuit. The first feeding line to the fourth feeding line are configured to be electromagnetically connected to the radiation conductor. The first feeding circuit is configured to feed reversed-phased signals, which have mutually opposite phases, to the first feeding line and the third feeding line. The second feeding circuit is configured to feed reversed-phased signals, which have mutually opposite phases, to the second feeding line and the fourth feeding line. The radiation conductor is configured to be excited in a first direction due to the feed from the first feeding line and the third feeding line. The radiation conductor is configured to be excited in a second direction due to the feed from the second feeding line and the fourth feeding line.