Antenna System for Co-Frequency Full-Duplex Interference Cancellation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Co-channel interference occurs in co-frequency full-duplex communication systems due to mismatch at the antenna port of the circulator, causing significant interference from transmit signals to receive signals.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of an antenna system with receive and transmit antenna units connected to a three-port component with a circulator characteristic, where each receive antenna unit is connected to a signal output port using a power combiner and each transmit antenna unit is connected to a signal input port using a power divider, with specific power allocation and phase center configurations to minimize interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a circulator is used to perform co-frequency full-duplex communication, then simultaneous signal transmitting and receiving can be performed using the same spectrum resource, but co-channel interference occurs due to mismatch at the antenna port causing significant interference from transmit signals to receive signals
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is segmented into separate transmit antenna units and receive antenna units, each connected through distinct signal paths with a three-port component. This segmentation allows independent optimization of transmit and receive signals, reducing mutual interference while maintaining full-duplex operation capability.
Solution Approach 2:
A three-port component with circulator characteristic is introduced as an intermediary between the transmit and receive antenna units. This intermediary device provides isolation between transmit and receive paths, effectively reducing co-channel interference while enabling simultaneous transmission and reception on the same frequency.
2Reliability
If a circulator is used to increase isolation between transmitter and receiver, then interference from transmitter to receiver decreases, but mismatch at the antenna port causes transmitted signals to be reflected back and enter the receiver causing high interference
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different connection configurations to different antenna units based on their specific roles and positions. Each transmit antenna unit and receive antenna unit is connected with specific power allocation ratios tailored to their local requirements, optimizing interference cancellation at each location rather than using a uniform approach.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the connection parameters (power allocation ratios) of the antenna units to achieve interference cancellation. By adjusting the power allocation ratios of transmit and receive antenna units connected to the three-port component, the system optimizes signal transmission while minimizing reflected signal interference entering the receiver.
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna and a communications device, and relate to the field of wireless communications technologies. The antenna includes at least one receive antenna unit, at least one transmit antenna unit, a transmit and receive antenna unit connected to a three-port component having a circulator characteristic, a signal output port, and a signal input port, where each receive antenna unit and a receiver port of the three-port component are both connected to the signal output port by using a power combiner, and the signal output port is configured to connect to a receiver; and each transmit antenna unit and a transmitter port of the three-port component are both connected to the signal input port by using a power divider, and the signal input port is configured to connect to a transmitter.