Adjustable Antenna Matching Network Using Non-Directional Feedback

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Solution Overview

Problem

Impedance mismatch between antennas and power amplifiers in wireless communications devices leads to reduced radiated power and efficiency, requiring over-design of power amplifiers and the use of directional couplers with limited dynamic range and increased complexity for wide frequency bands.

Innovation Solution

A mobile wireless communications device employs a non-directional coupler and an adjustable impedance matching network controlled by a feedback receiver and controller, using a least means square algorithm to adjust impedance over a wide frequency band without the need for directional couplers, thereby improving power efficiency and reducing device complexity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a directional coupler is used to measure forward and reflected power for impedance matching, then impedance matching can be achieved, but the device complexity increases and dynamic range is limited over wide frequency bands

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimpedance matching capabilityVSAvoidcomplexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the power measurement function from the directional coupler by using a simple tap coupled to the transmission line. This tap provides a signal proportional to the power level without requiring the complex directional coupling structure, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining impedance matching capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The transmission line tap serves multiple functions: it provides power level measurement and works across wide frequency bands without requiring multiple different couplers. This universal approach eliminates the need for frequency-specific directional couplers, reducing overall system complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Adaptability or versatility

If multiple directional couplers are used to support wide frequency band operation, then frequency band coverage is improved, but cost and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency band coverageVSAvoidcomplexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The transmission line tap design is frequency-agnostic and can operate across wide frequency bands without modification. A single tap structure provides universal power measurement functionality for all frequency bands, eliminating the need for multiple frequency-specific directional couplers

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Power

If the power amplifier is over-designed to provide sufficient output power under poor impedance matching conditions, then radiated power specification is met, but power amplifier efficiency is lowered

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveradiated powerVSAvoidpower amplifier efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements feedback by measuring the actual power delivered to the antenna using the transmission line tap and adjusting the power amplifier output accordingly. This closed-loop control allows the PA to operate at optimal efficiency while dynamically adapting to impedance variations, eliminating the need for over-design

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts the power amplifier output based on real-time impedance conditions measured by the tap. Rather than being statically over-designed, the PA operates dynamically at the minimum necessary power level while maintaining specification compliance, thereby improving efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables efficient impedance matching across a wide frequency band, reducing the need for multiple directional couplers and lowering the cost and complexity of wireless communications devices while maintaining high power efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

a non-directional coupler coupled between the adjustable impedance matching network and the antenna and configured to sample a transmitted signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic coupling: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

a feedback receiver coupled to the non-directional coupler to generate a feedback signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic to electrical conversion: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2472728B1Wireless communications device with an adjustable impedance matching network and associated methods
Publication Date: 2013.11.27 BLACKBERRY LTD
  • EP2472728B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2472728B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2472728B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A mobile wireless communications device includes a portable housing, a transmitter carried by the portable housing and configured to modulate an input signal, and an adjustable impedance matching network coupled downstream from the transmitter. An antenna is coupled downstream from the adjustable impedance matching network, and a non-directional coupler is coupled between the adjustable impedance matching network and the antenna. A feedback receiver is coupled to the non-directional coupler to generate a feedback signal. A controller is configured to control the adjustable impedance matching network based upon the input signal and the feedback signal.