Cross-Polarized Antenna Module With Ground Plane Isolation for EV Positioning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current wireless communication systems for electric vehicle wireless charging face challenges in accurately determining the position and alignment of electric vehicles with respect to ground-plane charging pads due to limitations in signal transmission and reception, particularly in establishing reliable wireless communication networks with low output correlation and high gain for ultra-wide band signals.
Innovation Solution
The development of an antenna assembly and module with an elongated central segment and spiral segments, integrated with a dielectric substrate and connection members, optimized for low output correlation and high gain, which are arranged on a ground plane with specific opening structures to enhance signal isolation and directionality, enabling accurate distance and direction determination of the electric vehicle from the charging pad.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional antenna designs are used for wireless charging communication, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision and reliability of EV positioning are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna element is divided into multiple spiral segments (first spiral segment, second spiral segment, third spiral segment) that are arranged in a specific geometric pattern. Each segment contributes to the overall radiation pattern and polarization characteristics, enabling the antenna to achieve low output correlation and high measurement precision for EV positioning while maintaining a manageable structural complexity through modular segmentation.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna employs asymmetric spiral segment configurations with specific geometric parameters (different radii, pitch angles, and orientations) to generate circular polarization and control radiation patterns. This asymmetry is deliberately designed to achieve low output correlation between antenna elements, thereby improving the reliability of position and orientation detection without requiring overly complex symmetric structures.
2Reliability
If antenna elements are arranged to achieve low output correlation, then reliability of wireless communication is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple antenna elements with spiral segments are combined into a single integrated antenna assembly structure that shares common support and mounting features. The elements are arranged in a coordinated geometric configuration that achieves low output correlation while sharing structural resources, thereby improving wireless communication reliability without proportionally increasing overall device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna elements are arranged in three-dimensional space with specific spatial relationships (different heights, orientations, and positions relative to the ground plane). This dimensional arrangement creates spatial diversity that reduces output correlation and improves communication reliability, while the structured dimensional layout prevents exponential growth in device complexity.
3Reliability
If spiral segments are configured for high gain and low cross-polarization, then signal transmission quality is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
Each spiral segment is designed with specific local geometric properties (radius, pitch, width) that are optimized for its particular position in the antenna assembly. This local optimization allows each segment to contribute effectively to the overall high gain and low cross-polarization performance without requiring extreme precision across the entire structure, as each segment's tolerances can be managed independently based on its specific function and position.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration achieves reliable ultra-wide band signal transmission and reception with low cross-polarization, improving the accuracy of electric vehicle positioning and alignment over ground-plane charging pads, thereby enhancing the efficiency of wireless communication systems.
Implementation Method 1
optimized to operate at two dominant perpendicular polarizations with low output correlation, low cross-polarization, and high gain while transmitting and/or receiving ultra-wide band (UWB) signals
Implementation Method 2
the antenna substrate comprises of a dielectric material
Data Source
Figure 1~2B
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AI summary
A wireless communication system comprising one or more cross polarized antenna assemblies with optimized propagation delay that form part of an antenna module having two dominant perpendicular polarizations. Isolation or crosstalk in each antenna module is minimized through an implementation of a sectorized planar isolation and correlation enhancer in the form of a ground plane opening structure.