Antenna Near-Field Interference Mitigation Using Polarization and Phase
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Solution Overview
Problem
The deployment of 5G networks has increased the complexity of antenna design requirements, necessitating the coexistence of multiple wireless services and networks without interference, particularly due to passive intermodulation (PIM) which affects uplink sensitivity and coverage.
Innovation Solution
An interference/PIM cancellation system that detects and mitigates interference by adjusting polarization and phase of antenna components in the intermediate field region, using mechanisms such as physical rotation and electronic signal processing to minimize interference reception.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If multiple wireless services and networks are deployed to increase network capacity and throughput, then network capability is improved, but interference between services increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic polarization adjustment and phase shifting of antenna elements to adaptively mitigate interference. The system continuously monitors interference conditions and adjusts antenna characteristics in real-time, transforming static antenna properties into dynamic, controllable parameters that can respond to changing network conditions and interference patterns.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes physical parameters of antenna elements including polarization angle, phase shift, and signal amplitude to eliminate interference. By adjusting these parameters, the system creates nulls in specific directions to cancel out interfering signals while maintaining desired signal reception, thereby resolving the contradiction between supporting multiple services and preventing interference.
2Ease of manufacture
If antenna design is simplified to reduce complexity, then ease of manufacture is improved, but ability to support multiple wireless services deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes antenna elements universal by enabling them to perform multiple functions through electronic control. Each antenna element can dynamically adjust its polarization and phase characteristics to support different wireless services, frequency bands, and operational modes, thereby achieving multi-functionality without requiring separate specialized antennas for each service.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic control capabilities to antenna elements, allowing them to adapt their characteristics in real-time based on service requirements. This dynamic behavior enables simplified physical structures to achieve complex functional requirements by controlling electromagnetic radiation patterns through electronic means rather than requiring complex physical designs.
3Reliability
If guard bands are increased in TDD systems to reduce interference, then reliability is improved, but network throughput deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts harmful interference into a controllable parameter by using the same antenna system to both transmit signals and generate cancellation signals. The interference that would normally require large guard bands is instead actively canceled through phase-shifted signal injection, transforming a harmful effect into a manageable aspect of system operation that enables smaller guard bands and higher throughput.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the approach from passive frequency domain separation (large guard bands) to active spatial and temporal signal manipulation. By adjusting phase, amplitude, and polarization parameters of transmitted signals, the system achieves interference cancellation that allows reduced guard band requirements while maintaining or improving throughput.
4Reliability
If duplexer requirements are increased in FDD systems to reduce interference, then reliability is improved, but device complexity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical/physical isolation mechanisms (complex duplexers) with electromagnetic field manipulation techniques. By using phase shifting and polarization control to achieve spatial separation and interference cancellation, the system substitutes complex hardware isolation with more manageable signal processing approaches, reducing duplexer complexity while maintaining interference protection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances uplink performance and coverage by reducing interference, allowing for improved network speeds and reduced guard bands in TDD systems and fewer duplexer requirements in FDD systems.
Implementation Method 1
monitoring a near field region of the antenna, an intermediate field region of the antenna, a far field region of the antenna
Implementation Method 2
adjusting polarization and phase of antenna components in the intermediate field region
Implementation Method 3
phase shifting/delaying, that result in mitigation/cancellation of the interference
Implementation Method 4
mitigation/cancellation of the interference
Data Source
AI summary
Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, via an antenna, a communication signal generated by a communication device, and detecting interference in the communication signal, wherein the interference is generated by one or more interference sources, wherein the interference is detected by monitoring a near field region of the antenna, an intermediate field region of the antenna, a far field region of the antenna, or any combinations thereof, wherein the monitoring excludes monitoring only the far field region of the antenna. Other embodiments are disclosed.