Antenna Conductive Patch Shape for XPD
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Solution Overview
Problem
Next-generation wireless communication systems face challenges in maintaining high cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) characteristics while achieving high gain, particularly due to the limitations of existing antenna structures operating in super-high frequency bands like mmWave, which suffer from high free space loss and interference between vertical and horizontal polarization components.
Innovation Solution
The proposed antenna structure includes a printed circuit board with insulating layers and conductive patches of specific shapes and orientations, featuring edge cuts and conductive walls to improve XPD characteristics and maintain gain, by optimizing the shape of the conductive patches and the placement of feeding points to reduce cross-polarization interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If dual polarization is implemented through a pair of feeding points on a conductive patch, then the antenna can transmit separate radio signals on two carriers simultaneously, but the cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) characteristic deteriorates due to cross polarization component interference
Solution Approach 1:
The conductive patch is divided into multiple segments with different shapes (rectangular, triangular, circular sectors) arranged in specific patterns. This segmentation allows each segment to contribute differently to the radiation pattern, enabling dual polarization while reducing cross-polarization interference through the specific geometric arrangement and orientation of segments
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs asymmetric feeding point positions and asymmetric conductive patch geometries (different segment shapes and orientations) to create intentional imbalance that suppresses cross-polarization components. The asymmetric arrangement of feeding points relative to the patch segments creates differential phase and amplitude relationships that cancel out cross-polarization interference
2Productivity
If the antenna operates in super-high frequency bands (mmWave) to satisfy increasing radio data traffic demands, then network capacity increases, but free space loss increases due to frequency characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from conventional planar antenna designs to three-dimensional structured conductive patches with elevated elements and multi-layer configurations. This dimensional transition creates additional radiation paths and enhances beamforming capability, improving gain and directing energy more effectively to overcome free space loss at mmWave frequencies
Solution Approach 2:
The patent incorporates curved and rounded geometric features in the conductive patch segments (circular arcs, rounded corners, curved edges) instead of purely straight-line geometries. These curved structures enhance current distribution and radiation efficiency, improving gain characteristics necessary for overcoming free space loss in mmWave operation
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively enhances XPD characteristics and gain in the antenna, improving polarization diversity and reducing interference, thereby enhancing the performance of next-generation wireless communication systems operating in high-frequency bands.
Implementation Method 1
an antenna structure operating in the above frequency band may include, as an antenna element, at least one conductive patch that facilitates high gain and dual polarization
Implementation Method 2
a first feeding point disposed on a first virtual line passing through a center in the at least one first conductive patch and configured to transmit and/or receive a first signal of a first polarization
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is an electronic device. The electronic device may include: a housing; and an antenna structure disposed in an internal space of the housing, wherein the antenna structure may include: a printed circuit board including a plurality of insulating layers; and at least one first conductive patch disposed on the printed circuit board, wherein the at least one first conductive patch may include: a first side having a first length; a second side parallel to the first side, spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the first side, and having a second length shorter than the first length; a third side extending from one end of the first side in a direction perpendicular to the first side, and having a third length shorter than a vertical distance between the first side and the second side; a fourth side extending from an other end of the first side in a direction perpendicular to the first side, and having the third length; a fifth side connecting the third side and one end of the second side in a straight line; a sixth side connecting the fourth side and an other end of the second side in a straight line; a first feeding point disposed on a first virtual line passing through a center in the at least one first conductive patch and configured to transmit and/or receive a first signal of a first polarization; and a second feeding point disposed on a second virtual line passing through the center in the at least one first conductive patch and intersecting the first virtual line at a right angle and configured to transmit and/or receive a second signal of a second polarization perpendicular to the first polarization.