Antenna Switch Bias Circuit for Low-Harmonic Tx Mode Switching

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing antenna switch configurations experience an abnormal increase in harmonic distortion immediately after switching to the Tx mode, primarily due to the slow charge speed of capacitances during the rise period of the DC boost output bias, leading to increased on resistance and harmonic signal levels in the RF Tx output signal.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of a semiconductor integrated circuit with a bias generation circuit that generates a negative DC output bias, which is used to control the on/off states of the Tx and Rx field effect transistors, ensuring that the gate and source biases are properly set to minimize harmonic distortion by optimizing the charge speed and capacitance values.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a DC boost circuit is used to generate negative bias for controlling FET switches in an antenna switch, then the on resistance of the FET can be reduced and isolation characteristic can be improved, but the charge speed of internal capacitances becomes slow during bias transition, causing abnormal increase in harmonic distortion

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveisolation characteristicVSAvoidharmonic distortion
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by introducing a discharge path for the capacitance in the DC boost circuit that activates before or during the bias transition. This discharge path allows the capacitance to rapidly discharge its stored charge, preventing the slow charge speed that causes harmonic distortion. The discharge path is configured to be active during switching transitions, enabling the capacitance to reset quickly before the next switching cycle begins, thus maintaining low harmonic distortion while preserving the isolation characteristics provided by the DC boost circuit.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Stability of the object's composition

If the capacitance value in the DC boost circuit is increased to stabilize the bias output, then the bias generation becomes more stable, but the charge speed of the capacitance decreases, leading to increased harmonic signal levels

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebias output stabilityVSAvoidcharge speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the discharge path dynamically controllable rather than static. The discharge path includes a discharge control signal that is activated only during switching transitions when rapid discharge is needed. During normal operation, the discharge path remains inactive, allowing the capacitance to maintain stable bias output. During transitions, the discharge control signal activates the discharge path, enabling rapid discharge regardless of capacitance value. This dynamic approach allows the system to achieve both stability during normal operation and fast response during transitions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Reliability

If a negative bias generation circuit is added to control the gate of FETs in the antenna switch, then the on/off control and isolation are improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitch control precisionVSAvoidcircuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies merging by integrating the discharge path directly into the existing DC boost circuit structure. The discharge path shares common elements with the bias generation path, including the same capacitance and inductor, and uses the switching signals already present in the antenna switch control. The discharge control signal is derived from the same control logic that drives the main switching transistors. This integration approach adds minimal external components while achieving rapid discharge functionality, thus improving switch control precision without significantly increasing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration effectively reduces the increase in harmonic signal levels of the RF Tx output signal by ensuring rapid bias changes and minimizing capacitance charging times, thereby improving the isolation characteristics and reducing harmonic distortion.

Implementation Method 1

a bias generation circuit 100 which has a function of generating a negative DC output bias in response to start of supply of the RF Tx input signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRectification: Diode

Data Source

PatentUS8159282B2Semiconductor integrated circuit and high frequency module with the same
Publication Date: 2012.04.17 RENESAS ELECTRONICS CORP
  • US8159282B2 patent drawing
  • US8159282B2 patent drawing
  • US8159282B2 patent drawing

AI summary

The present invention is directed to reduce increase in the level of a harmonic signal of an RF (transmission) Tx output signal at the time of supplying an RF Tx signal to a bias generation circuit of an antenna switch. A semiconductor integrated circuit includes an antenna switch having a bias generation circuit, a Tx switch, and an antenna switch having a bias generation circuit, a transmitter switch, and a receiver (Rx) switch. The on/off state of a transistor of a Tx switch coupled between a Tx port and an I/O port is controlled by a Tx control bias. The on/off state of the transistors of the Rx switch coupled between the I/O port and a receiver (Rx) port is controlled by an RX control bias. A radio frequency (RF) signal input port of the bias generation circuit is coupled to the Tx port, and a negative DC output bias generated from a DC output port can be supplied to a gate control port of transistors of the Rx switch.