Base Station Antenna With Undulating Dielectric Component
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing multiband antennas face performance degradation due to mutual coupling and interference from antenna radomes and surrounding elements, particularly affecting high-frequency radiating units, leading to deformed radiation patterns and reduced gain.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a dielectric component with an undulating portion in the radiation orientation of high-frequency radiating units, which reflects electromagnetic waves back to the radiating body, reducing interference from parasitic sources and optimizing radiation patterns.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a multiband antenna is designed to operate in multiple frequency bands, then the antenna can serve more users and increase system capacity, but the antenna performance degrades due to mutual coupling and interference between different frequency bands
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is divided into multiple independent radiating units, each optimized for specific frequency bands. The first radiating unit handles lower frequency bands while the second radiating unit handles higher frequency bands, reducing mutual coupling between bands through spatial separation and independent impedance matching structures.
Solution Approach 2:
A dielectric component with undulating structure is introduced as an intermediary element between the radiating units and the radome. This undulating structure reflects electromagnetic waves from the radome back toward the radiating units, compensating for signal loss and reducing interference, thereby improving radiation pattern quality across multiple bands.
2Reliability
If an antenna radome is installed to protect the radiating elements, then the antenna is protected from environmental factors, but the radome causes interference and deforms the radiation pattern
Solution Approach 1:
The dielectric component with undulating structure converts the harmful reflective interference from the radome into a beneficial effect. By positioning the undulating structure at specific distances from the radome, it reflects the radome-generated interfering waves back toward the radiating units, where they constructively interfere with the main radiation, thereby improving rather than deforming the radiation pattern.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple base-station antenna installations are deployed to provide radio coverage in multiple frequency bands, then comprehensive frequency band coverage is achieved, but the cost increases and public resistance to unsightly antenna placements arises
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna design integrates multiple radiating units capable of operating across different frequency bands within a single antenna structure. The first radiating unit covers lower frequency bands (e.g., 700-960 MHz, 1.7-2.7 GHz) while the second radiating unit covers higher frequency bands (e.g., 3.3-3.8 GHz, 4.8-5.0 GHz), eliminating the need for separate antennas for each band and reducing overall installation complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances beamwidth and flattens deformations in radiation patterns, improving overall antenna performance by minimizing interference and enhancing gain.
Implementation Method 1
a reflecting plate which is configured to reflect a portion of electromagnetic waves radiated by the plurality of radiating bodies
Implementation Method 2
Incorporating a dielectric component with an undulating portion in the radiation orientation of high-frequency radiating units, which reflects electromagnetic waves back to the radiating body
Data Source
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AI summary
The present disclosure provides an antenna and a base station. The antenna comprises a plurality of radiating units arranged by column and including a plurality of radiating bodies and a reflecting plate which is configured to reflect a portion of electromagnetic waves radiated by the plurality of radiating bodies, such that the electromagnetic waves are radiated in a predetermined radiation orientation; and a dielectric component arranged in the radiation orientation of at least one radiating unit of the plurality of radiating units and comprising an undulating portion spaced apart from the at least one radiating unit by a predetermined distance, wherein a first undulating structure is provided on a lower surface of the undulating portion at least facing the at least one radiating unit in a transverse direction, the transverse direction being vertical to the column and parallel to the reflecting plate. By providing the dielectric component with undulating portion in the radiation orientation, the performance of the antenna can be significantly improved.