Compact Antenna Layout Using Zero-Current Areas for Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antenna structures that use ¼-wavelength resonance structures to reduce size and increase isolation often occupy more space due to the arrangement of antennas, which can lead to interference between them.
Innovation Solution
An antenna structure is designed with a first coupling antenna and a reference antenna, where the first excitation source is located in the second zero current area and the second excitation source is in the first zero current area, forming specific zero current areas on the ground plane to increase isolation between the antennas.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If 1/4-wavelength resonance structures are used to reduce antenna size, then the antenna size is reduced, but the isolation between antennas deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating zero current areas at specific locations on the ground plane. Instead of uniformly designing the antenna structure, the invention places excitation sources at precise positions where zero current areas naturally form, thereby achieving high isolation in critical regions while maintaining compact overall size. This localized approach to current distribution resolves the contradiction between small size and good isolation.
2Reliability
If 1/2-wavelength closed slot antenna and 1/4-wavelength PIFA are arranged adjacent to each other to achieve isolation, then the isolation is improved, but the space occupation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the isolation function into the ground plane structure itself rather than requiring separate antenna elements. By utilizing the ground plane as the isolation medium through zero current area formation, the invention combines multiple functions (radiation and isolation) into a single integrated structure, thereby achieving good isolation without increasing the occupied space.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from spatial separation in the horizontal plane to electromagnetic field separation through zero current areas on the ground plane. Instead of placing antennas far apart in two dimensions, the invention uses the third dimension (vertical current distribution on the ground plane) to achieve isolation, allowing compact two-dimensional layout while maintaining good isolation performance.
3Area of stationary object
If multiple antennas are arranged together to reduce overall structure size, then the space occupation is reduced, but the interference between antennas increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the potentially harmful ground currents that cause interference into beneficial zero current areas that provide isolation. By strategically positioning excitation sources, the invention causes currents to cancel each other out in specific regions, transforming what would normally be sources of interference into isolation zones. This allows multiple antennas to be placed close together without mutual interference.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration effectively reduces interference between the antennas, improving their performance by maintaining high isolation and minimizing space occupation.
Implementation Method 1
The first excitation source is configured to excite a first resonant mode, and the first coupling antenna forms a first zero current area on the ground plane in response to the first resonant mode
Implementation Method 2
The second excitation source is configured to excite a second resonant mode, and the reference antenna forms a second zero current area on the ground plane in response to the second resonant mode
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure provides an antenna structure including a ground plane, a first coupling antenna and a reference antenna. The first coupling antenna includes a first excitation source connected to the ground plane. The first excitation source is configured to excite a first resonant mode, and the first coupling antenna forms a first zero current area on the ground plane in response to the first resonant mode. The reference antenna includes a second excitation source connected to the ground plane. The second excitation source is configured to excite a second resonant mode, and the reference antenna forms a second zero current area on the ground plane in response to the second resonant mode. The first excitation source is located in the second zero current area, and the second excitation source is located in the first zero current area.