Anterior Hip Prosthesis Fixation via Cortical Bone
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current hip joint replacement surgeries for osteoarthritis are invasive, require long hospitalization, and have a lengthy recovery period due to the need for large incisions and penetration of the hip joint capsule, leading to potential infection risks and limited functional joint movement post-surgery.
Innovation Solution
A medical device system that includes an artificial caput femur surface and a fixating member stabilized by cortical bone of the collum femur, using a piece of natural cortical bone from the caput femur to secure the device, allowing for minimally invasive insertion and stabilization through the collum femur, reducing tissue damage and promoting bone integration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a metal prosthesis is placed in femur and plastic bowl in acetabulum through lateral incision, then hip joint replacement is achieved, but the hip joint capsule must be penetrated making it difficult to get a fully functional joint after surgery
Solution Approach 1:
The patent inverts the conventional surgical approach by accessing the hip joint from the anterior aspect rather than through lateral incision and capsule penetration. The prosthesis is inserted through an anterior approach that preserves the integrity of the hip joint capsule, thereby maintaining joint functionality while achieving complete replacement. This inversion of the surgical pathway resolves the contradiction between achieving reliable joint replacement and avoiding capsule damage.
2Reliability
If femur is cut at the neck with bone saw and prosthesis is placed with bone cement, then prosthesis fixation is achieved, but one week of hospitalization is required due to increased infection risk
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the need for bone cement fixation by designing a prosthesis with a modular collar that achieves stable fixation through mechanical interlocking with the femoral neck without requiring cement. This extraction of the cement fixation step reduces the sources of potential infection and allows for shorter hospitalization while maintaining reliable prosthesis fixation.
3Reliability
If acetabulum is enlarged using Acetabular reamer and plastic bowl is positioned with screws or bone cement, then acetabular replacement is achieved, but recovery process takes 6 weeks with limited physical activity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-shaping the acetabular component to match the prepared acetabular bed, allowing for direct press-fit insertion without requiring extensive reaming or cement fixation. The acetabular component is designed with a geometry that facilitates immediate stable fixation, enabling patients to recover faster and engage in physical activity sooner while maintaining reliable acetabular replacement.
Data Source
AI summary
A medical device for treating hip joint osteoarthritis in a human patient is provided, the hip joint comprises an acetabulum, being a part of the pelvic bone, and a caput femur, being connected to the collum femur and being the upper extremity of the femoral bone. The caput femur and collum femur further comprises cortical bone, the outer more sclerotic bone, and cancellous bone, placed in the bone marrow, said medical device comprising: an artificial caput femur surface, adapted to be in contact with the acetabulum surface or an artificial replacement therefor, and a fixating member adapted to at least partly be stabilized by the cortical bone of a stabilizing part of the collum femur.