Antibody-Aptamer Pincer for Target Binding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current antibodies and aptamers have limitations such as low expression levels, low solubility, high purification costs, and reduced stability, making them inefficient for detecting and separating target materials effectively.
Innovation Solution
The development of an antibody-aptamer pincer, where an antibody and an aptamer are conjugated via a linker to bind to different sites on a target material, enhancing binding affinity and therapeutic effects when used as a drug carrier.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If antibodies are used to bind to target materials, then specific binding is achieved, but expression levels and solubility are low and purification costs are high
Solution Approach 1:
The invention divides the binding function into two separate components: an antibody fragment (scFv) that provides specific binding recognition, and an aptamer that provides high-affinity binding. Each component is optimized independently - the antibody fragment maintains specificity while the aptamer provides enhanced binding affinity and stability. This segmentation allows each element to be produced and optimized separately, overcoming the limitations of using full antibodies alone.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite binding molecule combining an antibody fragment (protein component) with an aptamer (nucleic acid component). This composite structure leverages the advantages of both systems: the antibody fragment provides immunological specificity and the aptamer provides high-affinity binding with improved stability. The composite nature allows the molecule to achieve both specific recognition and high binding affinity simultaneously.
2Reliability
If antibodies are used for target binding, then recognition is achieved, but stability in reducing environments is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The aptamer acts as an intermediary component that bridges the antibody fragment and the target material. While the antibody fragment provides recognition, the aptamer serves as a stable intermediary that maintains binding affinity in reducing environments. The nucleic acid structure of the aptamer is inherently more stable than protein structures under reducing conditions, protecting the overall complex from degradation.
3Reliability
If aptamers are used to bind to target materials, then high affinity and specificity are achieved, but size is significantly smaller than antibodies
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the binding function between two components of different sizes: the antibody fragment provides the bulk and recognition capability, while the aptamer provides high-affinity binding with minimal size. This segmentation allows the system to achieve antibody-like size for pharmacokinetic benefits while incorporating aptamer-like binding affinity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The antibody-aptamer pincer demonstrates a ten- to hundred-fold increased binding affinity for target molecules, enabling effective detection, separation, and therapeutic applications, particularly in anticancer activities.
Implementation Method 1
an antibody or a fragment thereof binding to a first target site of the target material and an aptamer binding to a second target site are conjugated via a linker
Implementation Method 2
an antibody or a fragment thereof binding to a first target site of the target material and an aptamer binding to a second target site of the target material
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a pincer for binding to a target material, wherein an antibody or a fragment thereof binding to a first target site of the target material and an aptamer binding to a second target site are conjugated via a linker, a preparation method thereof, a composition for detecting or separating the target material comprising the pincer, a kit for detecting or separating the target material comprising the composition, and a method for detecting or separating the target material using the kit.Also, the present invention relates to a drug carrier comprising the pincer for binding to a target material, wherein an aptamer conjugated to a second target site of the pincer loads the drug.The antibody-aptamer pincer comprising the antibody and the aptamer, which target for the different binding sites on the same material of the present invention shows a ten- to hundred-fold increased binding affinity for the target molecule compared to using the antibody or the aptamer alone, and thus can be usefully applied for detection and/or separation of traces of the target material.Further, the affinity of the drug carrier prepared by the binding of the antibody with the aptamer for the target molecule is increased, and thus, it can be used as a drug carrier against harmful tumors.