Anti-TGF-beta Antibody Hinge Mutation for Purity and Half-Life

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Solution Overview

Problem

There is a need for pan-specific therapeutic antibodies targeting human TGF-β that are safe and effective, as existing antibodies face challenges due to TGF-β's high conservation across species, leading to difficulties in production and limited treatment options for conditions like advanced melanoma, where current therapies like anti-PD1 antibody monotherapy show low response rates.

Innovation Solution

Development of monoclonal antibodies that specifically bind to human TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 with a mutation at position 228, reducing half-antibody formation and enhancing pharmacokinetic profiles, allowing for improved clinical benefits and increased efficacy when used in combination with immunotherapy.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If traditional monoclonal antibodies are produced to target human TGF-β, then they can bind to TGF-β isoforms, but they form half-antibody dimers during manufacturing which reduces purity and efficacy

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantibody purityVSAvoidhalf-antibody formation
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by mutating the hinge region amino acid sequence of the antibody constant region (specifically changing cysteine to serine at position 228 in EU numbering). This parameter change in the molecular structure prevents disulfide bond formation between heavy and light chains, thereby eliminating half-antibody dimer formation during manufacturing and improving antibody purity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Duration of action of moving object

If existing anti-TGF-β antibodies are used for treatment, then they can inhibit TGF-β signaling, but they have limited half-life and require frequent administration

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantibody half-lifeVSAvoidadministration frequency
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of moving objectVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent modifies the pharmacokinetic parameters of the antibody by introducing a mutation in the hinge region (cysteine to serine at position 228). This parameter change improves the antibody's stability and reduces clearance rates, thereby extending the half-life of the antibody in circulation and reducing the frequency of administration required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If pan-specific antibodies targeting all TGF-β isoforms are developed, then they can provide broad coverage, but TGF-β's high conservation across species makes production challenging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepan-TGF-β specificityVSAvoidantibody production
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by designing the antibody variable regions to specifically recognize conserved epitopes on all three human TGF-β isoforms while maintaining human specificity. The local modification of the hinge region (cysteine to serine mutation) further enhances this by preventing cross-species binding and half-antibody formation, thereby achieving pan-specificity without compromising manufacturability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Reliability

If current immunotherapy monotherapies like anti-PD1 are used for advanced melanoma, then they can activate immune response, but more than 50% of patients do not achieve complete or partial response

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetreatment response rateVSAvoidimmunosuppressive microenvironment
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies merging by combining anti-TGF-β antibody therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors like anti-PD1. The anti-TGF-β component neutralizes the immunosuppressive microenvironment created by TGF-β, while the immune checkpoint inhibitor activates immune response. This combination therapy addresses both the suppression and activation aspects of immune response, thereby improving response rates in advanced melanoma patients who do not respond to monotherapy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentEP3571227A1Anti-TGF-beta antibodies and their use
Publication Date: 2019.11.27 SANOFI SA(FR)

AI summary

The invention provides an improved pan-TGF-β antibody for treatment of conditions that are mediated by TGF-β, including autoimmune diseases, fibrotic conditions, and cancers. Also provided are methods and uses of the antibody in conjunction with other immunomodulatory agents such as an anti-PD-1 antibody.