Antifouling Oxide Coating via Perfluoropolyether Solution

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing surface modification methods for achieving antifouling properties on base materials, such as resin, require complex processes and high-temperature equipment, making them inefficient and unsuitable for materials with low heat resistance.

Innovation Solution

A surface modification method using a composition containing a perfluoropolyether chain modifier, an inorganic acid as a hydrolysis catalyst, and a metal or organometallic compound as a dehydration condensation catalyst, applied at ordinary temperature and pressure to form an antifouling structure precursor with uneven film thickness, enhancing the antifouling properties by creating a thick and thin area coverage on the oxide layer.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If vapor deposition is used to modify the surface with a silane compound, then water repellency, oil repellency and antifouling property are improved, but the process complexity and equipment requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantifouling propertyVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical vapor deposition system with a chemical solution-based approach. The silane compound is applied as a liquid or solution that undergoes hydrolysis and condensation reactions on the surface, eliminating the need for complex vapor deposition equipment while achieving the same antifouling, water repellency, and oil repellency properties

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the physical state of the silane compound from vapor phase to liquid/solution phase. This parameter change allows the surface modification to proceed through wet chemical reactions (hydrolysis and condensation) at lower temperatures and simpler conditions, reducing process complexity while maintaining the effectiveness of the antifouling coating

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Duration of action of stationary object

If high temperature curing is used to form the antifouling coating, then coating durability is improved, but the applicability to low heat resistance materials deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoating durabilityVSAvoidapplicability to low heat resistance materials
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the curing temperature parameter from high temperature to low temperature or ambient temperature. By optimizing the catalyst system and reaction conditions, the hydrolysis and condensation reactions proceed effectively at lower temperatures, enabling the formation of durable antifouling coatings on heat-sensitive materials without compromising coating durability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces catalysts as intermediaries to facilitate the hydrolysis and condensation reactions at lower temperatures. These catalysts lower the activation energy barrier, allowing the silane compound to form a durable crosslinked network structure without requiring high temperature curing, thus making the process compatible with low heat resistance materials

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Ease of manufacture

If a simple application process is used, then ease of manufacture is improved, but the formation of uniform coating and antifouling performance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of applicationVSAvoidcoating uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses catalysts as intermediaries to control the reaction kinetics of hydrolysis and condensation. By carefully selecting and dosing the catalyst, the reaction proceeds uniformly across the surface even with simple application methods, ensuring consistent coating thickness and uniform antifouling performance while maintaining ease of manufacture

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent ensures continuous and uniform reaction progression across the entire surface by optimizing the catalyst system. The hydrolysis and condensation reactions proceed continuously and uniformly, preventing localized variations in coating thickness and ensuring consistent antifouling properties throughout the coated area, even when using simple application processes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method allows for the rapid production of antifouling structures with high affinity for lubricant oils, effectively reducing surface free energy and improving the retention and sliding properties of the antifouling layer, even on materials with low heat resistance, without the need for extensive equipment or high temperatures.

Implementation Method 1

a first modification accelerator containing an inorganic acid... accelerating hydrolysis

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydrolysis: Hydrolysis

Implementation Method 2

a second modification accelerator containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal, a metal salt, and an organometallic compound... accelerating dehydration condensation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDehydration condensation: Condensation

Implementation Method 3

modifying the surface of an oxide layer... to form an antifouling structure precursor... reducing surface free energy

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSurface energy reduction: Surface Tension

Data Source

PatentEP3485985B1Antifouling structure precursor, antifouling structure, surface modification composition, and surface modification method
Publication Date: 2021.07.07 NISSAN MOTOR CO LTD
  • EP3485985B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3485985B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3485985B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A surface modification method for modifying a surface of an oxide includes: producing a surface modification composition; and applying the surface modification composition onto the surface of an oxide layer. In producing the surface modification composition, a modifier having a perfluoropolyether chain is mixed with a first modification accelerator containing an inorganic acid and a second modification accelerator containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal, a metal salt and an organometallic compound. A surface modification composition, concurrently comprising: a modifier having a perfluoropolyether chain; a first modification accelerator containing an inorganic acid; and a second modification accelerator containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal, a metal salt and an organometallic compound. A surface modification composition set, comprising: a modifier having a perfluoropolyether chain; a first modification accelerator containing an inorganic acid; and a second modification accelerator containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal, a metal salt and an organometallic compound. An antifouling structure precursor, comprising: a modification layer that contains a modifier having a perfluoropolyether chain; and an oxide layer that has a surface entirely covered with the modification layer, wherein the modification layer has an uneven film thickness and comprises a comparatively thick area and a comparatively thin area that is dispersed in the comparatively thick area, and a coverage rate of covering the oxide layer with the comparatively thick area is equal to or greater than 10%. An antifouling structure, comprising: an antifouling structure precursor; and a lubricant oil on a surface of the antifouling structure precursor.