Antigen Binding Specificity Metric via Beta Distribution

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for assessing antigen binding specificity of antigen binding molecules are time-consuming and resource-intensive, particularly when evaluating at a single cell resolution.

Innovation Solution

A system and method for determining antigen binding specificity by calculating a specificity metric based on measurements of target antigen and control binding to antigen binding molecules, using a cumulative distribution function of a beta distribution.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional methods are used to assess antigen binding specificity at single cell resolution, then measurement precision is improved, but productivity deteriorates due to time-consuming and resource-intensive processes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantigen binding specificityVSAvoidassessment throughput
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transforms the specificity assessment from a traditional binary classification (binding vs non-binding) to a continuous probabilistic parameter using beta distribution. By modeling the binding specificity as a continuous variable with associated uncertainty, the system can process multiple cells simultaneously while maintaining precision through probabilistic metrics rather than requiring exhaustive traditional analysis of each cell individually

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a computational model that replicates and generalizes findings from a subset of cells to the entire population. By using beta distribution parameters estimated from measured cells, the system infers specificity metrics for all cells without performing exhaustive traditional assays on each one, thereby scaling throughput while maintaining measurement precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

2Reliability

If traditional methods are used to identify antigen binding molecules, then reliability is improved, but loss of time increases due to time-consuming processes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveidentification accuracyVSAvoidassessment time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary computational preparation by establishing beta distribution models and specificity thresholds before actual cell analysis. These pre-computed reference frameworks enable rapid assessment of new cells without requiring time-consuming traditional methods for each evaluation, thus reducing overall assessment time while maintaining identification accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces traditional mechanical/experimental verification methods with computational probabilistic modeling. Instead of relying on time-consuming experimental validation for each cell, the system uses beta distribution-based computational algorithms to rapidly assess specificity, substituting physical measurement processes with efficient mathematical calculations that maintain reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Measurement precision

If comprehensive assessment of antigen binding molecules is performed, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespecificity metricVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the essential complexity from comprehensive cell-by-cell analysis and concentrates it into a single beta distribution model framework. By taking out the core probabilistic modeling logic and separating it from the data processing pipeline, the system achieves high measurement precision through a unified mathematical approach rather than through complex multi-step computational procedures

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Data Source

PatentUS20250174298A1Systems and methods for determining antigen binding specificity of antigen binding molecules
Publication Date: 2025.05.29 10X GENOMICS INC
  • US20250174298A1 patent drawing
  • US20250174298A1 patent drawing
  • US20250174298A1 patent drawing

AI summary

Described herein are methods and related systems and computer program products for assessing the antigen binding specificity of an antigen binding molecule (ABM) expressed by one or more immune cells and may include contacting a plurality of cells comprising at least one antigen binding molecule with a first target antigen and a control; determining a first readout based on the binding of the at least one antigen binding molecule to the first target antigen; determining a second readout based on the binding of the at least one antigen binding molecule to the control; and determining, from the first readout and the second readout, a specificity metric representing the specificity of the at least one antigen binding molecule binding to the target antigen relative to the control.