Antigen Detection Kit with Blocking Strand for False Positive Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing immunoassays face challenges with false positive signals due to non-specific binding of detection antibodies, leading to inaccurate antigen detection, especially when the antigen amount is small, which can result in significant errors during viral antigen detection.
Innovation Solution
A kit and method utilizing a substrate with a capture antibody and a detection antibody labeled with fluorescent materials, along with a blocking strand that prevents complementary binding between the capture and detection strands, allowing for accurate antigen detection by removing false positive signals through fluorescence measurement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a detection antibody is used to bind to the antigen, then the antigen can be detected, but false positive signals occur due to non-specific binding to other sites such as the substrate surface
Solution Approach 1:
A blocking antibody is introduced as an intermediary component that specifically binds to the detection antibody, preventing it from non-specifically binding to the substrate surface. The blocking antibody acts as a mediator that allows specific antigen detection while blocking false positive signals, thereby resolving the contradiction between detection accuracy and signal specificity.
2Measurement precision
If the detection sensitivity is increased to detect small amounts of antigen, then diagnostic accuracy improves, but false positive signals become more significant and cause big errors
Solution Approach 1:
The blocking antibody serves as a mediator that enables high detection sensitivity while maintaining diagnostic accuracy. By specifically blocking non-specific binding sites on the detection antibody, it allows the detection of small antigen amounts without being overwhelmed by false positive signals, thus resolving the contradiction between sensitivity and reliability.
3Reliability
If a large amount of blood is collected to ensure sufficient antigen for detection, then detection reliability improves, but the burden on the subject increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the parameter of detection sensitivity by introducing the blocking antibody system, which enables reliable antigen detection from smaller blood volumes. The blocking antibody eliminates false positive signals that would otherwise require larger sample volumes to overcome, thereby reducing the blood collection burden while maintaining detection reliability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution significantly reduces false positive signals, enhancing the sensitivity and accuracy of antigen detection, particularly for small antigen amounts, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing the burden of blood collection.
Implementation Method 1
a capture antibody attachable onto the substrate and having a capture strand labeled with a fluorescent material; a detection antibody having a detection strand labeled with a fluorescent material
Implementation Method 2
a blocking strand having a base sequence capable of complementary binding to the capture strand or the detection strand to prevent the detection strand and the capture strand from complementary binding to each other
Data Source
AI summary
A kit for detecting an antigen from which false positive signals are removed is provided. The kit includes a substrate; a capture antibody attachable onto the substrate and having a capture strand labeled with a fluorescent material; a detection antibody having a detection strand labeled with a fluorescent material and complementary to some or all of a base sequence of the capture strand; and a blocking strand having a base sequence capable of complementary binding to the capture strand or the detection strand to prevent the detection strand and the capture strand from complementary binding to each other.