Antiglare Coating via Sol-Gel Dip Coating for Touch Screens

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing touch screen display technologies face challenges in reducing glare while maintaining resolution and durability, often resulting in undesirable visual effects like sparkling and requiring costly or environmentally hazardous processing methods.

Innovation Solution

A curable film-forming composition comprising silane, mineral acid, and solvent is applied to a substrate, heated, and cured to form an antiglare coating with a surface roughness of no more than 80 nm and pencil hardness of at least 8H, eliminating the need for light-scattering particles and reducing glare without compromising resolution.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If a light interference coating stack is deposited on the substrate to reduce glare, then glare reduction is achieved, but manufacturing cost increases and manufacturing precision requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveglareVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces expensive vacuum deposition processes with a low-cost dip-coating method using aqueous alumina sol solution. This approach uses inexpensive materials and simple equipment to achieve antiglare效果, eliminating the need for costly sputtering or precise alkoxide dip coating with firing steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the manufacturing parameters from vacuum deposition conditions to ambient temperature dip-coating conditions. The alumina sol solution is applied at room temperature and dries naturally, eliminating the need for vacuum equipment, precise temperature control, and complex drying/firing cycles required by traditional methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Object-affected harmful factors

If a light interference coating stack is deposited on the substrate to reduce glare, then glare reduction is achieved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveglareVSAvoidcoating thickness precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a simple dip-coating process with alumina sol solution that does not require precise thickness control equipment. The coating forms naturally as the substrate is withdrawn from the solution, and the thickness can be easily adjusted by changing withdrawal speed or solution concentration, eliminating the need for precise manufacturing conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The coating process is self-regulating through capillary action and evaporation. The alumina sol solution automatically forms a uniform coating as the substrate is withdrawn from the dip bath, and the coating dries naturally without requiring controlled firing conditions or precise thickness monitoring equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Object-affected harmful factors

If acid etching is used to create antiglare surface, then glare reduction is achieved, but environmental harm increases and manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveglareVSAvoidenvironmental harm
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the potentially harmful acid etching process into a beneficial alumina sol coating process. Instead of using corrosive acids that require special handling and disposal, the patent uses benign alumina sol solution that deposits protective alumina particles on the surface, achieving antiglare效果 while eliminating environmental hazards.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces hazardous acid etching with a simple dip-coating process using alumina sol solution. The coating solution is non-hazardous, can be easily disposed of, and does not require special handling procedures or environmental compliance measures associated with acid etching processes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

4Object-affected harmful factors

If sandblasting is used to create antiglare surface, then glare reduction is achieved, but manufacturing cost increases and device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveglareVSAvoidprocessing operations
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the essential antiglare function from complex mechanical processes like sandblasting and replaces it with a simple chemical coating process. The alumina sol coating provides the necessary surface roughness for glare reduction without requiring mechanical impact equipment, complex process control, or multiple processing steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a simple dip-coating apparatus with alumina sol solution to achieve antiglare效果, eliminating the need for sandblasting equipment, process control systems, and multiple processing operations. The entire process can be completed in a single dip-coating step followed by natural drying.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

5Ease of operation

If super-hydrophobic coatings are applied to achieve anti-smudge properties, then anti-smudge performance is improved, but wear durability decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveanti-smudge performanceVSAvoidwear durability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a composite coating system where alumina particles are embedded in a polymer matrix. This composite structure combines the hydrophobic properties needed for anti-smudge performance with the mechanical strength of the polymer network, achieving both anti-smudge functionality and wear durability that neither material could provide alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates different functional zones within the coating: the alumina particles provide hydrophobicity and anti-smudge properties on the surface, while the polymer matrix provides mechanical strength and wear resistance underneath. This local differentiation of properties allows the coating to simultaneously achieve anti-smudge performance and durability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively reduces glare and prevents sparkling, providing a durable, anti-smudge coating with improved wear resistance and a silky feel, while avoiding the environmental and cost issues associated with previous methods.

Implementation Method 1

heating the substrate to a temperature of 200°F to 400°F (93.3 to 204.4°C) to form a heated substrate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeating: Heating

Implementation Method 2

subjecting the coated substrate to thermal conditions for a time sufficient to effect cure of curable film-forming composition

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCuring: Heat Treatment

Implementation Method 3

diffusive reflection of light

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight scattering: Scattering

Data Source

PatentEP3822236B1Antiglare touch screen displays and other coated articles and methods of forming them
Publication Date: 2025.01.01 PPG INDUSTRIES OHIO INC

AI summary

Touch screen displays and other coated articles demonstrating antiglare properties are provided. A method of forming an antiglare coating on a substrate is also provided, and may be used to prepare the coated articles. The method comprises: (a) heating the substrate to a temperature of at least 100 °F (37.8 °C) to form a heated substrate; (b) applying a curable film-forming composition on at least one surface of the heated substrate to form a substrate coated with a sol-gel layer; and (c) subjecting the coated substrate to thermal conditions for a time sufficient to effect cure of the sol-gel layer. The curable film-forming composition comprises: (i) a silane; (ii) a mineral acid; and (iii) a solvent; wherein the weight ratio of mineral acid to silane is greater than 0.008:1 and the curable film-forming composition has a solids content of less than 10 percent by weight.