Antiozonant Salts for Tire Elastomers Reducing Volatility
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Solution Overview
Problem
Elastomeric compositions for tires, particularly those with diene elastomeric polymers, face significant degradation issues due to oxygen and ozone exposure, leading to hardening, softening, discoloration, and cracking, with existing antiozonant compounds like p-phenylenediamine derivatives being volatile, causing environmental concerns and irregular surfacing.
Innovation Solution
Development of salts derived from the salification of p-phenylenediamines with specific acids, such as polyoxyalkylene-based acids, which form stable complexes that reduce volatility, enhance antioxidant properties, and improve surface appearance, while maintaining protective efficacy against oxygen and ozone.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If p-phenylenediamine derivatives are used as antiozonant compounds, then protective efficacy against oxygen and ozone is improved, but volatility increases causing reagent loss and environmental pollution
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines p-phenylenediamine derivatives with waxes to form a composite protective system. The wax component reduces volatility of the amine, while the amine provides antiozonant protection. This composite approach maintains protective efficacy while reducing reagent loss and environmental pollution.
2Reliability
If p-phenylenediamine derivatives are used as antiozonant compounds, then protective efficacy against oxygen and ozone is improved, but environmental sustainability deteriorates due to volatility and toxicity
Solution Approach 1:
By formulating a composite system with wax and amine components, the patent reduces the volatility and environmental release of toxic amine compounds while maintaining their protective function. The wax acts as a carrier that minimizes environmental exposure.
3Reliability
If p-phenylenediamine derivatives and waxes are added to elastomeric compositions, then anti-degradation protection is improved, but surface appearance deteriorates due to yellow-brown colouring and whitish spots
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the molecular weight and chemical structure parameters of the wax component to control its migration rate and distribution in the elastomer. By adjusting these parameters, the formulation achieves uniform surface distribution that prevents yellow-brown coloration and whitish spots while maintaining protective function.
4Reliability
If protective agents are added to elastomeric compositions, then anti-degradation efficacy is improved, but manufacturing precision deteriorates due to non-uniform migration and excessive volatility
Solution Approach 1:
The composite formulation of wax and amine creates a more stable and predictable migration pattern during processing. This composite system reduces the variability associated with volatile amine alone, improving batch-to-batch consistency and manufacturing reproducibility.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new salts significantly reduce volatility, improve reproducibility, and enhance the oxidative stability and appearance of tire components, reducing the need for additional waxes and antioxidants, resulting in more environmentally friendly and efficient tire formulations.
Implementation Method 1
Development of salts derived from the salification of p-phenylenediamines with specific acids, such as polyoxyalkylene-based acids, which form stable complexes that reduce volatility
Implementation Method 2
In order to prevent damage resulting from deep action of oxygen, it is standard practice to also include antioxidant substances in the elastomeric compositions
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to new antioxidant and antiozonant elastomeric compositions for tyres, characterized by reduced volatility of the active compounds, improved processability and environmental sustainability, increased anti-degradation efficacy and improved surface appearance. In particular, the elastomeric compositions of the inventions comprise Salts formed by acids AC of formula (I) and amines AM of formula (II) The elastomeric compositions of the inventions are particularly suitable for the manufacture of tyre components such as sidewalls, treads and anti-abrasive layer, components that in the tyre are particularly subject to wear due to the combination of the degrading action of ozone and mechanical stresses.