Antiperovskite Solid Electrolyte Manufacturing for High-Temp Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current lithium-ion batteries face performance deterioration and safety issues due to solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer formation, dendrite growth, and limitations in using high voltage cathodes and lithium metal anodes, along with the flammability and corrosiveness of liquid electrolytes, which are not addressed by existing solid-state electrolyte manufacturing methods.
Innovation Solution
A method for manufacturing solid-state electrolyte layers directly on active electrode surfaces by contacting the electrodes with melted lithium undoped or doped antiperovskite electrolytes at temperatures above their melting point, followed by compression and fast cooling, eliminating grain boundaries and phase transformations, thereby enhancing lithium-ion conductivity and durability at elevated temperatures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If liquid electrolytes are used in lithium-ion batteries, then high ionic conductivity is achieved, but flammability and corrosiveness increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state parameter of the electrolyte from liquid to solid, and modifies the chemical composition by using lithium halide antiperovskite structure with specific halide ratios (x=0.2-0.8). This parameter change eliminates flammability and corrosiveness while maintaining high ionic conductivity through the solid-state structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite material strategy by creating lithium halide antiperovskite electrolytes with mixed halide compositions (combining different halides in specific ratios). This composite approach achieves both safety (non-flammable, non-corrosive solid state) and high ionic conductivity (comparable to liquid electrolytes) simultaneously.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional solid-state electrolytes are used, then safety is improved, but manufacturing complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent adjusts the melting point parameter of the electrolyte to a specific range (250-600°C) that enables direct contact processing with electrodes. This parameter optimization simplifies manufacturing by eliminating complex vacuum deposition or sintering processes, while the resulting solid-state structure maintains safety advantages.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses the melted electrolyte as an intermediary medium that facilitates direct contact with electrode surfaces. This intermediary approach simplifies the manufacturing process by enabling direct formation of the electrolyte layer without complex equipment, while the solid-state nature ensures safety.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If solid-state electrolytes are used, then flammability is reduced, but ionic conductivity at elevated temperatures deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the halide composition ratio parameter (x=0.2-0.8 in Li3-xMxC1-yCy'A1-zA'z formula) to achieve optimal ionic conductivity at elevated temperatures. The specific composition tuning creates favorable ion transport pathways that maintain high conductivity up to 100°C while preserving the non-flammable solid-state characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses mixed halide composite materials to achieve superior thermal stability and maintained ionic conductivity at elevated temperatures. The composite structure with multiple halide components creates synergistic effects that prevent conductivity deterioration at high temperatures while maintaining the safety advantages of solid-state electrolytes.
4Manufacturing precision
If solid-state electrolyte layers are manufactured by conventional methods, then material purity is achieved, but manufacturing time and energy consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes the phase transition of the electrolyte from solid to melted state during manufacturing, then back to solid upon cooling. This phase transition approach enables rapid formation of pure electrolyte layers through direct contact and solidification, significantly reducing manufacturing time and energy consumption compared to conventional sintering or deposition methods.
Solution Approach 2:
The melted electrolyte serves as an intermediary that enables rapid, clean formation of the electrolyte layer. This intermediary approach achieves high material purity through controlled solidification from the melted state, while the direct contact process eliminates time-consuming steps associated with conventional manufacturing methods.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach results in improved long-term electrochemical performance and durability, preventing SEI formation and dendrite growth, while maintaining high ionic conductivity and stability across a broad temperature range, making it suitable for lithium-ion batteries operating up to 100°C.
Implementation Method 1
contacting the electrodes with melted lithium undoped or doped antiperovskite electrolytes at temperatures above their melting point
Implementation Method 2
followed by compression and fast cooling, eliminating grain boundaries and phase transformations
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a manufacturing process of the solid-state glass-ceramic electrolytes, known in the art as antiperovskites. Specifically, the disclosure is focused on manufacturing of the solid-state electrolyte from the corresponding precursors directly on the active electrode surface of an electrochemical device, specifically anode or cathode of the lithium-ion or lithium metal batteries.