Antiperspirant Composition with High SEC Peak 4 Intensity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antiperspirant compositions fail to achieve high levels of smaller aluminum and zirconium species, which are correlated with enhanced efficacy, as they often retain larger species like Peak 3 and Peak 5, hindering their performance.
Innovation Solution
An antiperspirant active composition is developed with an aluminum to chloride molar ratio of 0.3:1 to 3:1, featuring a SEC Peak 4 to Peak 3 intensity ratio of at least 7 and Peak 4 intensity greater than Peak 5, achieved through a process involving heating an aluminum salt solution with a buffer, adjusting pH with an inorganic base, and optionally adding zirconium, to enhance the presence of low molecular weight species.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional antiperspirant compositions are used, then larger aluminum and zirconium species (Peaks 1, 2, 3) are present, but the efficacy for reducing sweat is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical parameters of the antiperspirant composition by controlling the aluminum to chloride molar ratio (0.3:1 to 3:1) and pH level (2 to 5), which fundamentally alters the molecular weight distribution and produces a chromatogram with high Peak 4 intensity and low Peak 3 intensity, thereby improving efficacy
Solution Approach 2:
The invention extracts and removes larger aluminum and zirconium species (Peaks 1, 2, 3) from the composition while retaining and concentrating smaller species (Peaks 4, 5), achieving a purified composition that lacks the harmful larger molecules and contains only the beneficial smaller molecules
2Quantity of substance
If processes are developed to activate antiperspirant salts, then larger amounts of Peak 4 species are obtained, but Peaks 3 and optionally Peak 5 remain present
Solution Approach 1:
The invention converts the previously harmful presence of larger species (Peaks 3 and 5) into a benefit by establishing specific process conditions (aluminum to chloride molar ratio of 0.3:1 to 3:1, pH of 2 to 5) that naturally prevent their formation, turning the problem of impurity into a solution through precise parameter control
Solution Approach 2:
The invention employs feedback control by monitoring and adjusting the aluminum to chloride molar ratio and pH levels during the activation process, ensuring that the composition achieves the desired chromatogram profile with high Peak 4 intensity and low Peak 3 intensity, thereby maintaining purity while maximizing Peak 4 species
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition achieves high levels of low molecular weight aluminum and zirconium species, reflected in a SEC trace with intense Peak 4 and low Peaks 1, 2, and 3, leading to improved antiperspirant efficacy by minimizing larger species.
Implementation Method 1
heating an aqueous solution containing an aluminum salt having an aluminum to chloride molar ratio of about 0.3:1 to about 3:1, optionally with a buffer agent, at a temperature of about 50° C. to about 95° C. to reflux for a period of time of about 1 hour to about 5 hours
Implementation Method 2
adding an aqueous solution of an inorganic base to obtain an aluminum salt solution having an OH:Al molar ratio of about 2:1 to about 2.6:1 to obtain a pH adjusted aluminum salt solution having a pH of about 2 to about 5
Data Source
AI summary
An aluminum salt composition comprising (a) an aluminum salt having an aluminum to chloride molar ratio of about 0.3:1 to about 3:1, an OH:Al molar ratio of about 2:1 to about 2.6:1, exhibiting a Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) chromatogram having a SEC Peak 4 to Peak 3 intensity ratio of at least 7, and a Peak 4 intensity greater than a Peak 5 intensity in aqueous solution, and (b) at least one buffer chosen from an amino acid, glycine, and betaine, wherein a molar ratio of buffer to aluminum is about 0.1:1 to about 3:1.