Antiperspirant Emulsion Stick Formulation for Reduced Residue
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Solution Overview
Problem
Antiperspirant sticks often have a chalky, brittle, and crumbly application, leading to undesirable color residue and uneven coverage, while deodorants provide a smoother glide but lack antiperspirant efficacy due to incompatibility with antiperspirant compounds. Users desire products that balance stick hardness and payout for effective application with minimal residue.
Innovation Solution
The development of antiperspirant emulsion products using a water-in-oil emulsion with cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 dimethicone as an emulsifier, combining a water phase with active antiperspirant compounds and an oil phase containing a structurant and hydrophobic carrier, which allows for varying stick hardness and payout while minimizing color residue, achieved through specific temperature control and mixing processes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If antiperspirant sticks are made harder to provide lower payout and easier application, then application control is improved, but the product becomes more chalky, brittle, and crumbly with increased color residue
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of the antiperspirant formulation by introducing a water-in-oil emulsion system with specific emulsifiers (cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 dimethicone) and structurants. This emulsion structure allows the product to maintain solid stick form for controlled application while providing smoother glide and reduced chalkiness through the emulsified water phase distribution.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite emulsion system combining water phase (containing antiperspirant active compounds) and oil phase (containing emulsifiers and structurants) in specific ratios. This composite structure integrates the benefits of both phases: the water phase provides antiperspirant efficacy and smooth application, while the oil phase provides structural integrity and controlled payout.
2Ease of operation
If deodorants are used to provide smoother glide, then application feel is improved, but antiperspirant efficacy is lost due to incompatibility with antiperspirant compounds
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses emulsifiers (specifically cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 dimethicone) as intermediary substances that bridge the incompatible water-based antiperspirant compounds and oil-based deodorant components. The emulsifier creates a stable water-in-oil emulsion that allows both types of ingredients to coexist without precipitation or separation, enabling the product to deliver both smooth glide and antiperspirant efficacy.
3Area of stationary object
If more pressure and multiple swipes are used to apply harder stick antiperspirants, then coverage is improved, but color residue increases substantially
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the rheological parameters of the antiperspirant stick by creating an emulsion with optimized water-to-oil ratio (54-89 wt% water phase, 11-46 wt% oil phase). This parameter change allows the product to achieve adequate coverage with lighter application pressure and fewer swipes, thereby reducing the mechanical force that causes color residue deposition.
4Quantity of substance
If softer stick antiperspirant products are used to provide higher payout, then coverage is improved, but color residue also increases substantially
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite water-in-oil emulsion structure where the oil phase containing structurants provides controlled release properties. This composite material allows the product to maintain softer consistency for higher payout while the structured emulsion matrix controls the deposition characteristics, reducing color residue even at higher application amounts.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The antiperspirant emulsion products exhibit a smoother skin feel like deodorants, maintain solid consistency for easy application, and reduce color residue, offering both hard and soft stick options with corresponding low and high payouts, effectively addressing user preferences and application issues.
Implementation Method 1
The water phase is gradually added to the oil phase to form an antiperspirant emulsion
Implementation Method 2
A hydrophobic carrier, a structurant, and cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 dimethicone are heated and mixed to a second temperature that is greater than the first temperature to melt the structurant
Data Source
AI summary
Antiperspirant emulsion products and processes for forming antiperspirant emulsion products are provided. One process for making an antiperspirant emulsion product comprises the steps of heating and mixing water and an active antiperspirant compound to a first temperature to form a water phase. A hydrophobic carrier, a structurant, and cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 dimethicone are heated and mixed to a second temperature that is greater than the first temperature to melt the structurant and form an oil phase. The oil phase is cooled and mixed to a third temperature. The water phase is gradually added to the oil phase to form an antiperspirant emulsion so that the water phase is present in an amount of from about 54 to about 89 wt. % and the oil phase is present in an amount of from about 11 to about 46 wt. % of the antiperspirant emulsion.