Antiperspirant Stick Formulation Adhesion Efficacy Balance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional solid antiperspirant sticks with high levels of non-volatile organic fluids achieve better adhesion but negatively impact antiperspirant efficacy, while those with low levels of these fluids struggle to maintain both adhesion and efficacy.
Innovation Solution
A solid antiperspirant stick formulation with a low content of non-volatile organic fluids (10% or less) and a balanced composition of antiperspirant active, structurant, and volatile fluid, achieving a hardness of at least 600 gram·force and adhesion value of at least 33%, without using non-volatile silicone fluids.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If high levels of non-volatile organic fluids are used in the antiperspirant stick formulation, then adhesion of the antiperspirant film to the skin is improved, but antiperspirant efficacy is worsened due to impeded release characteristics from the applied product matrix
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling the concentration of non-volatile organic fluids within a specific range (5-35% by weight) and using volatile fluids (20-80% by weight) to optimize both adhesion and antiperspirant efficacy. This quantitative adjustment of formulation parameters resolves the contradiction by finding the optimal balance point where sufficient adhesion is achieved without compromising the release characteristics needed for antiperspirant effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by combining multiple fluid types (volatile and non-volatile organic fluids) with antiperspirant actives and structurants in a specific compositional ratio. This composite formulation allows the volatile fluids to provide initial adhesion while the controlled amount of non-volatile fluids maintains film integrity, simultaneously achieving both adhesion and antiperspirant efficacy through synergistic material interaction.
2Reliability
If low levels of non-volatile organic fluids are used in the antiperspirant stick formulation, then antiperspirant efficacy is improved through better release characteristics, but adhesion of the antiperspirant film to the skin is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves this contradiction through parameter changes by establishing specific concentration ranges: non-volatile organic fluids at 5-35% by weight and volatile fluids at 20-80% by weight. This quantitative optimization ensures sufficient adhesion is maintained while preserving the release characteristics necessary for antiperspirant efficacy, finding the optimal balance between these competing requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses volatile organic fluids as intermediaries that facilitate adhesion during the initial application phase, while the controlled amount of non-volatile fluids acts as a mediator to maintain film stability and prevent excessive runoff. This intermediary approach allows both adhesion and efficacy requirements to be met simultaneously through coordinated action of different fluid components.
3Strength
If high levels of non-volatile organic fluids are used to promote good adhesive properties, then adhesion is improved, but the product efficacy is negatively affected by impeding release characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the concentration of non-volatile organic fluids within 5-35% by weight and volatile fluids within 20-80% by weight. This quantitative control ensures that adhesion is sufficiently promoted without excessive non-volatile fluids that would impede release characteristics and reduce product efficacy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses partial action by incorporating only the necessary amount of non-volatile organic fluids (not excessive amounts) to achieve adequate adhesion. This partial inclusion of non-volatile fluids, combined with sufficient volatile fluids, provides enough adhesive properties while avoiding the negative effects of excessive non-volatile content on release characteristics and overall product efficacy.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The formulation maintains high adhesion and antiperspirant efficacy, providing effective perspiration and odor control with a low-residue, cosmetically acceptable product.
Implementation Method 1
from about 20% to about 80% by weight of a volatile fluid
Implementation Method 2
we believe that the non-volatile liquids promote adhesion by plasticizing the dried film applied to the skin
Data Source
AI summary
An antiperspirant stick product comprising from about 5% to about 35% by weight of an antiperspirant active; from about 5% to about 35% by weight of a structurant, from about 20% to about 80% by weight of a volatile fluid; 10% or less by weight of a non-volatile organic fluid; free of non-volatile silicone fluids, wherein, the stick has a hardness of at least about 600 gram·force and an adhesion value of at least 33%.