Antiviral Aquatic Feed Pellets for IgY Protein Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Delivering antiviral proteins effectively to aquatic animals, such as shrimp, is challenging due to stability, protein digestion, and bioavailability issues in aquatic environments.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating active proteins, such as hyperimmune egg powder containing IgY antibodies, into aquatic feed pellets using stabilizing agents like sodium alginate, gelling agents like carboxy methyl cellulose, and bioavailability enhancing agents like piperine, to create cohesive and effective feed pellets.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If antiviral proteins are delivered via aquatic feedstocks, then passive immunization against WSSV is achieved, but protein stability and bioavailability are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses feed pellets as an intermediary carrier to deliver antiviral proteins to shrimp. The pellets serve as a mediator that protects the proteins from degradation while ensuring their delivery to the target organism, thereby maintaining protein stability during transit and storage while achieving immunization effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the physical and chemical parameters of the feed pellets to optimize protein preservation. By controlling factors such as moisture content, temperature during storage, and pellet composition, the patent maintains protein stability while ensuring bioavailability to shrimp consuming the feed.
2Ease of operation
If antiviral proteins are incorporated into feed pellets, then delivery to aquatic animals is improved, but protein digestion and absorption are challenging
Solution Approach 1:
The feed pellet acts as an intermediary delivery system that facilitates protein transport to aquatic animals. The pellet matrix protects the proteins from premature degradation and ensures controlled release, improving delivery effectiveness while maintaining protein integrity for digestion and absorption.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different properties to different parts of the feed pellet system. The pellet exterior provides protection and controlled release, while the interior maintains protein integrity for digestion. This localized differentiation of properties optimizes both delivery and bioavailability.
3Stability of the object's composition
If stabilizing agents are added to feed pellets, then protein stability is improved, but feed formulation complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite feed pellet formulation that integrates stabilizing agents with other feed components. This composite approach allows multiple functions (nutrition, stability, and protein protection) to be achieved simultaneously in a single integrated product, reducing the need for separate additives and simplifying formulation.
Solution Approach 2:
The stabilizing agents incorporated into the feed pellets serve multiple functions: protecting proteins from degradation, maintaining pellet structural integrity, and ensuring proper digestion. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional separate additives, thereby reducing overall formulation complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The feed pellets enhance the stability and bioavailability of antiviral proteins, providing effective passive immunization against viruses like WSSV in shrimp, reducing mortality and economic losses.
Implementation Method 1
improving shelf life of the feed pellets by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms and preventing oxidation that may lead to spoilage of the feed pellets
Implementation Method 2
bind the ingredients together and create a more cohesive pellet that may be less likely to break apart or crumble during transportation, storage, or handling
Implementation Method 3
improve the availability and absorption of the active protein by the animal's digestive system
Implementation Method 4
The yolk antibody against the shrimp virus of the invention acts on the shrimp white spot virus to suppress its infectivity
Data Source
AI summary
Methods of producing feed pellets containing antiviral proteins for protecting aquatic animals against viruses by passive immunization are disclosed. The pellets have an effective amount of an active antiviral protein incorporated into basal feed stock along with stabilizing. gelling and bioavailability enhancing agents. The antiviral proteins are IgY antibodies contained in hyperimmune egg powder obtained from eggs produced by avian species exposed to antigens associated with viral infections. To protect shrimp against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) the antigen consists of a protein made from the effective parts of the VP28 and VP19 sequences of the WSSV. In one embodiment, the stabilizing agent is sodium alginate, the gelling agent is carboxy methyl cellulose and the bioavailability enhancing agent is piperine. In one embodiment the active protein and associated supplements are incorporated throughout the feed pellet. while in another embodiment they are sprayed onto the surface of the feed pellet.