Aortic Arch Baroreceptor Implant Placement for Robust Hypertension Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing hypertension treatment devices face challenges in providing a reliable and robust baroreflex response while avoiding adverse effects such as transient ischemic attacks and strokes, particularly when deployed in sensitive regions like the carotid sinus, and lack consistent blood pressure lowering results.
Innovation Solution
An implantable device is deployed within the aortic arch with expandable structures that engage and reshape the arterial wall, inducing a baroreflex response by stretching the aortic arch, utilizing a target region rich in baroreceptors and exposing the arterial wall to pulsatile blood flow.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If devices are deployed in the carotid sinus to stretch the arterial wall and augment the baroreflex, then blood pressure lowering effect is improved, but the risk of transient ischemic attacks and strokes increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the implantable device from the carotid sinus region and relocates it to the aortic arch region. This spatial extraction removes the device from the sensitive carotid area where it caused harmful effects (TIAs and strokes) while preserving the therapeutic baroreflex modulation function in a safer anatomical location.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces the aortic arch as an intermediary anatomical location between the carotid sinus and the heart. By placing the device in this intermediate region, the patent maintains the baroreflex pathway's effectiveness while avoiding direct interaction with the carotid sinus's sensitive structures that carry blood directly to the brain.
2Reliability
If devices are deployed in the carotid sinus, then baroreflex response is augmented, but trauma to arterial tissues during deployment occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the implantable device from the carotid sinus region and relocates it to the aortic arch region. This spatial extraction removes the device from the sensitive carotid area where it caused harmful effects (TIAs and strokes) while preserving the therapeutic baroreflex modulation function in a safer anatomical location.
3Reliability
If devices are deployed in the carotid sinus, then blood pressure is lowered, but dislodgement of the device occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the implantable device from the carotid sinus region and relocates it to the aortic arch region. This spatial extraction removes the device from the sensitive carotid area where it caused harmful effects (TIAs and strokes) while preserving the therapeutic baroreflex modulation function in a safer anatomical location.
4Reliability
If devices are deployed in the carotid sinus, then baroreflex is augmented, but accumulation of plaques occurs in the region
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the implantable device from the carotid sinus region and relocates it to the aortic arch region. This spatial extraction removes the device from the sensitive carotid area where it caused harmful effects (TIAs and strokes) while preserving the therapeutic baroreflex modulation function in a safer anatomical location.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device achieves a consistent and robust baroreflex response, reducing blood pressure by at least 10 mm Hg, while minimizing implantation risks and ensuring long-term effectiveness.
Implementation Method 1
each of the plurality of expandable structure has an expanded configuration and a collapsed configuration. In the collapsed configuration, the implant is advanceable through the vasculature and, in the expanded configuration, the implant engages an arterial wall
Data Source
AI summary
Implant devices for hypertension and methods of treatment are provided. Implant devices are configured for placement in a target region of an aortic arch of the patient, thereby engaging arterial walls in the target region sufficiently to stretch and/or tension arterial walls, thereby inducing the baroreflex response. Such implants can include one or more expandable structures configured to engage an elongated target region in the aortic arch. The target region can extend along a majority of the aortic arch including a cylindrical segment of aortic arch between the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery. An elongated target zone can further extend at least between the brachiocephalic artery takeoff and the left subclavian artery takeoff. Such embodiments can utilize one or more expandable structures with a non-circular cross-section that stretch and reshape the arterial walls to induce tension in the arterial walls, thereby generating a robust baroreflex response.