Aortic Arch Emboli Deflector With Layered Filter Sealing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing devices fail to effectively prevent large emboli from entering arteries, posing a risk of stroke or other adverse outcomes during medical procedures that perturb the vasculature.
Innovation Solution
An intra-vascular device with a lateral structure, filter, and two wires, designed to be deployed in the aortic arch, forms a seal with the vessel wall and has pores that allow blood cells to pass while blocking emboli, using malleable wires for orientation and deployment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If existing intra-vascular filters are used, then they may filter small particles, but they fail to effectively block large emboli from entering arteries
Solution Approach 1:
The filter is divided into multiple strata or layers with different pore sizes. The first stratum has larger pores to allow passage of smaller particles while the second stratum has smaller pores to block larger emboli. This segmentation enables the filter to handle different particle sizes effectively without requiring a single complex structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from a conventional two-dimensional flat filter to a three-dimensional multi-stratum structure. By adding the dimension of depth with multiple layers, the filter achieves enhanced blocking capability for large emboli while maintaining blood flow through the layered architecture.
2Reliability
If the filter pores are made small to block emboli, then emboli blocking improves, but blood flow may be restricted
Solution Approach 1:
The filter is segmented into multiple strata with progressively smaller pores. The first stratum with larger pores maintains blood flow by allowing red blood cells and plasma to pass, while the second stratum with smaller pores blocks emboli. This segmentation distributes the filtering function across layers, preventing blood flow restriction while achieving effective emboli blocking.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the filter have different pore sizes optimized for specific functions. The first stratum has larger pores localized for blood flow maintenance, while the second stratum has smaller pores localized for emboli blocking. This local quality differentiation allows simultaneous optimization of blood flow and emboli blocking.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device effectively filters emboli, reducing the risk of stroke by preventing large particles from entering critical arteries, and can be deployed and adjusted using the wires for optimal positioning and detachment.
Implementation Method 1
The pores of the filters of the above-devices can be sized such that they are permeable to blood, (e.g., red blood ceils (erythrocytes), white blood cells Geukocytes), platelets (thrombocytes), and plasma) but not significantly permeable to emboli
Implementation Method 2
The device may filter, deflect, or block emboli or other objects from entering into a blood supply that feeds the brain
Data Source
AI summary
In general, the invention features an intra-vascular device for filtering or deflecting emboli or other large objects from entering a protected secondary vessel or vessels. the device of the invention may include a filter to prevent a particle in a blood vessel from passing through the filter, a lateral structure to hold the filter, and two wires attached to lateral structure, on each at its distal and proximal ends. These wires may be used to control the deflection or orientation of the filter upon its installation within a blood vessel. Further, in some embodiments, these wires may be capable of readily detaching from the device, thus making it possible to install a filter without any significant appendages in a blood vessel.