Aortic Compliance Assessment via Single-Artery Pulse Wave Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for assessing aortic compliance are invasive, time-consuming, and not suitable for routine clinical use, lacking direct measurement capabilities and being primarily focused on research rather than epidemiological studies, which hinders effective management and monitoring of cardiovascular disease.
Innovation Solution
A mathematical model based on five parameters—diastolic pressure, systolic pressure, heartbeat period, stroke volume, and ejection period—is developed to determine aortic compliance, which can be implemented using a computing device to provide clinicians with accurate assessments of aortic compliance and peripheral resistance, potentially replacing or complementing existing methods like Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) tests.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If the carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) test is used to assess arterial compliance, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and ease of operation deteriorate due to requiring specialized equipment, multiple measurement sites, and trained operators
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the essential measurement function from the complex PWV testing system by using only a single arterial site (radial, femoral, or carotid artery) instead of requiring simultaneous measurements at two sites. This simplifies the device and procedure while maintaining the ability to assess arterial compliance through pulse wave characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a universal measurement approach that can be applied at multiple arterial sites (radial, femoral, or carotid) using the same simplified procedure and equipment. This multi-site universality allows clinicians to choose the most accessible artery while maintaining measurement consistency, reducing the need for specialized equipment for each measurement location.
2Measurement precision
If the carotid-femoral PWV test is used to assess arterial compliance, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates due to requiring simultaneous recordings at two different arterial sites
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the requirement for simultaneous dual-site recordings by extracting the essential compliance assessment function to a single arterial site measurement. This eliminates the operational complexity of coordinating two measurement locations while preserving the ability to calculate arterial compliance from pulse wave characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables the measurement system to automatically calculate arterial compliance from the pulse wave velocity and arterial diameter measurements obtained at a single site, without requiring manual coordination between multiple measurement locations. The system self-adjusts and computes the compliance value independently.
3Measurement precision
If ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging methods are used for local arterial compliance measurements, then measurement precision is improved, but productivity deteriorates due to time-consuming procedures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a simple, quick measurement approach using basic pulse wave recording equipment instead of expensive, time-consuming imaging modalities like ultrasound or MRI. The method uses readily available sphygmomanometer and pulse wave sensors to obtain compliance data in seconds, making it suitable for routine clinical practice and large-scale epidemiological studies.
4Measurement precision
If the carotid-femoral PWV test is used to assess arterial compliance, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates due to difficulty in determining distance between measurement sites
Solution Approach 1:
The patent eliminates the need to measure and input the distance between carotid and femoral arteries by performing the compliance assessment at a single arterial site. This removes the source of measurement error related to distance determination while maintaining the ability to calculate arterial compliance from the pulse wave characteristics at the measured site.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention is directed to systems and methods for identifying a cardiovascular disease of a patient. In one embodiment, the method includes obtaining measurements for a diastolic pressure, a systolic pressure, a heartbeat period, a stroke volume, and an ejection period for the patient, and then determining an aortic compliance for the patient based on these measurements. The diastolic pressure, systolic pressure, and heartbeat period are each measured directly from the patient, and the stroke volume and ejection period are each measured from echocardiogram data. In another embodiment, the method includes obtaining measurements for a diastolic pressure and a systolic pressure for the patient, obtaining an estimate of a stroke volume for the patient, and then determining an aortic compliance for the patient based on the diastolic pressure, the systolic pressure, and the stroke volume. These methods may be implemented using a computing device that optionally accesses an electronic medical record to retrieve the relevant parameters.